Articles: narcotic-antagonists.
-
J Pain Symptom Manage · Jul 2002
ReviewOpioid antagonists: a review of their role in palliative care, focusing on use in opioid-related constipation.
Opioid antagonists have well-established indications in the reversal of life-threatening opioid toxicity, but also hold considerable promise for other applications in palliative care practice, particularly management of opioid-related constipation. We briefly review current understanding of opioid receptors, focusing on their complex role in gastrointestinal physiology. ⋯ The literature on opioid-induced constipation and its treatment with opioid-antagonists is reviewed in detail. Finally, other potential uses of opioid antagonists in palliative care are described, especially strategies for reducing such opioid side effects as nausea and pruritus and for improving analgesia or reducing tolerance by concomitantly administrating both an opioid agonist and low dosages of an antagonist.
-
Comparative Study
[Nphe1,Arg14,Lys15]nociceptin-NH2, a novel potent and selective antagonist of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor.
1. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) modulates several biological functions by activating a specific G-protein coupled receptor (NOP). Few molecules are available that selectively activate or block the NOP receptor. ⋯ UFP-101 is also active in vivo where it prevented the depressant action on locomotor activity and the pronociceptive effect induced by 1 nmol N/OFQ i.c.v. in the mouse. In the tail withdrawal assay, UFP-101 at 10 nmol produces per se a robust and long lasting antinociceptive effect. 5. UFP-101 is a novel, potent and selective NOP receptor antagonist which appears to be a useful tool for future investigations of the N/OFQ-NOP receptor system.
-
Case Reports Comparative Study
Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Intravenous bolus or infusion of naloxone in opioid overdose.
A short cut review was carried out to establish whether intravenous boluses of naloxone are better than intravenous infusion in opioid overdose. Altogether 188 papers were found using the reported search, of which one presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of this best paper is tabulated. A clinical bottom line is stated.