Articles: opioid.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2024
Relationship Between Perioperative Regional Anesthesia and the Risk of Missing Acute Compartment Syndrome Following Tibia Fractures.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of missed compartment syndrome in tibia fractures treated with and without regional anesthesia. ⋯ The results do not provide evidence that perioperative regional anesthesia increases the incidence of missed ACS in patients with operative tibial shaft or plateau injuries. but does decrease postoperative opioid requirements.
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Retrospective cohort study performed in a nationwide insurance claims database. ⋯ 3.
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Translational research. ⋯ Opioids and NSAIDs, both independently and combined, inhibited spinal fusion and caused inferior bony callus. Administration of opioids resulted in the lowest rate of spinal fusion. We propose this may be due to the inhibition of VEGF-A, which limits angiogenesis to the burgeoning fusion mass.
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J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother · Jun 2024
The Effect of Concurrent Use of Opioids and Gabapentin on Fall Risk in Older Adults.
Falls pose a significant threat to older adults, resulting in injuries and mortality. Concurrently prescribed opioids and gabapentin for pain management may increase fall risks in older patients. This study aimed to estimate fall risks associated with the concurrent use of gabapentin and opioids, comparing them to opioid monotherapy in older adults. ⋯ Being female, aged ≥81, and having more chronic conditions also increased risk. Mitigating fall risk in older adults requires education on prevention, exploring alternative pain management, and careful consideration of prescribing. Further research is crucial to understand adverse events linked to combined opioid and gabapentin use in the geriatric population.
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The current standards of postoperative respiratory monitoring on medical-surgical floors involve spot-pulse oximetry checks every 4-8 h, which can miss the opportunity to detect prolonged hypoxia and acute hypercapnia. Continuous respiratory monitoring can recognize acute respiratory depression episodes; however, the existing evidence is limited. We sought to review the current evidence on the effectiveness of continuous pulse oximetry (CPOX) with and without capnography versus routine monitoring and their effectiveness for detecting postoperative respiratory failure, opioid-induced respiratory depression, and preventing downstream adverse events. ⋯ Oxygen desaturation was the only outcome better detected with CPOX in postoperative patients in hospital wards. These comparisons were limited by the small number of studies that could be pooled for each outcome and the heterogeneity between the studies.