Articles: acetaminophen.
-
World J. Gastroenterol. · Apr 2015
Hydrogen-rich water protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
To investigate the hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice. ⋯ HRW has significant therapeutic potential in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation and promoting liver regeneration.
-
Although advances in critical care management and liver transplantation have improved survival in acute liver failure (ALF), mortality remains significant. An evidence base to support management has been lacking, due to the condition's rarity, severity and heterogeneity. The purpose of this review is to critically appraise the latest evidence, updating clinicians on the current understanding of the best management. ⋯ Traditional dogma in ALF management is questioned: transplant thresholds for acetaminophen overdose, steroid use in autoimmune ALF, routine antimicrobial prophylaxis, the coagulopathy of liver disease, the value of intracranial pressure monitoring and extracorporeal liver support.
-
In the first hours after stroke onset, subfebrile temperatures and fever have been associated with poor functional outcome. In the first Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) in Stroke trial, a randomized clinical trial of 1400 patients with acute stroke, patients who were treated with high-dose paracetamol showed more improvement on the modified Rankin Scale at three-months than patients treated with placebo, but this difference was not statistically significant. In the 661 patients with a baseline body temperature of 37.0 °C or above, treatment with paracetamol increased the odds of functional improvement (odds ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.97). This relation was also found in the patients with a body temperature of 36.5 °C or higher (odds ratio 1.31; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.68). These findings need confirmation. ⋯ If high-dose paracetamol will be proven effective, a simple, safe, and extremely cheap therapy will be available for many patients with acute stroke worldwide.
-
Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Apr 2015
ReviewSwedish guidelines for the treatment of pain in tonsil surgery in pediatric patients up to 18 years.
Surgery of the tonsils often causes severe pain lasting for many days as been shown by data from the National Tonsil Surgery Register in Sweden. Tonsillotomy is associated with fewer readmissions due to bleeding, number of days requiring analgesics and health care contacts due to pain compared to tonsillectomy. The register data demonstrate the necessity of better-evidenced based pain treatment guidelines for tonsil-surgery. ⋯ Swedish guidelines for tonsil-surgery provide practical evidence-based pain treatment recommendations.