Articles: acetaminophen.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on hemostasis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Platelet function is impaired by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with prominent anti-inflammatory properties. Their safety in patients undergoing intracranial surgery is under debate. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were randomized to receive either ketoprofen, 100 mg, three times a day (ketoprofen group, n = 9) or a weak NSAID, acetaminophen, 1 g, three times a day (acetaminophen group, n = 9) starting immediately after the diagnosis of aneurysmal SAH. ⋯ Coagulation (prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastin time [APPT], fibrinogen concentration, and antithrombin III [AT III]) was comparable between the two groups. Ketoprofen but not acetaminophen impaired platelet function in patients with SAH. If ketoprofen is used before surgery on cerebral artery aneurysms, it may pose an additional risk factor for hemorrhage.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAcetaminophen has greater antipyretic efficacy than aspirin in endotoxemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
To compare the antipyretic efficacy of aspirin and acetaminophen (INN, paracetamol) in 30 male volunteers with the use of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) to elicit a standardized febrile response. ⋯ Acetaminophen was the superior antipyretic drug in endotoxemia compared with aspirin. Treatment with acetaminophen ameliorates subjective symptoms induced by endotoxemia without compromising the humoral response of a subject to endotoxin. This observation has clinical interest and may also help to improve the lipopolysaccharide model, which can be used to test anti-inflammatory and anticoagulatory drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Tramadol suppositories are less suitable for post-operative pain relief than rectal acetaminophen/codeine.
The suitability of tramadol suppositories for inclusion in our hospital formulary for the treatment of mild to moderate post-operative pain was evaluated. In an open randomized trial, rectal tramadol was compared with our standard treatment acetaminophen/codeine suppositories. We expected tramadol to be equally effective as our current standard but with fewer side effects. ⋯ The incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly higher in the tramadol-treated (84%) than in the acetaminophen/codeine treated group (31%). The relative risk of experiencing an episode of nausea under treatment with tramadol was 2.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.3-5.3; P = 0.0001) as compared with acetaminophen/codeine. We conclude that for acute treatment of mild to moderate post-operative pain frequent nausea and vomiting makes tramadol suppositories less suitable than acetaminophen/codeine.
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J. Clin. Gastroenterol. · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetic interaction between acetaminophen and lansoprazole.
Because of its minimal gastric toxicity, acetaminophen is the analgesic of choice for patients with gastric acid-related disorders. Because proton pump inhibitors are widely used, concomitant prescription of acetaminophen and lansoprazole would be prevalent. This crossover study was conducted to investigate an acetaminophen-lansoprazole interaction. ⋯ The peak plasma concentration of acetaminophen and the time to its occurrence were significantly higher and shorter, respectively, during the lansoprazole session than during the control session. Neither the elimination half-life nor the area under the curve was significantly different between the two sessions. Lansoprazole hastens the absorption of acetaminophen solution, but little modifies its elimination rate and bioavailability.