Articles: alprostadil.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther. · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of prostaglandin E1 on pulmonary arterial hypertension following corrective surgery for congenital heart disease.
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) on residual pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) after corrective surgery for congenital heart disease. ⋯ Intravenous PGE(1) therapy after corrective surgery for congenital heart disease was associated with a reduction in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a lower risk of death.
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Prostanoid-modulatory approaches in heart failure patients have displayed effects which may seem to be mutually incompatible. Both treatment with prostanoids and inhibition of prostanoid synthesis have resulted in increased mortality in heart failure patients. Currently, it is unknown if prostanoids mediate contractile effects in failing human heart and if this can explain some of the clinical effects seen after prostanoid modulatory treatments. ⋯ In failing rat heart, the prostanoid FP receptor-mediated inotropic response and prostanoid FP receptor-density was reduced by ~40-50% compared to non-failing rat heart. Prostanoids mediate a sustained positive inotropic response in non-failing heart, which appears to be down regulated in failing heart. The pathophysiological significance of changes in prostanoid-mediated inotropic support in the failing heart remains to be determined.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Placebo-controlled trial of lubiprostone for constipation associated with Parkinson disease.
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of lubiprostone (Amitiza) for constipation in Parkinson disease (PD) in a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. ⋯ In this randomized controlled trial, lubiprostone seemed to be well tolerated and effective for the short-term treatment of constipation in PD.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2012
Safety and patient outcomes with lubiprostone for up to 52 weeks in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.
Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) significantly decreases quality of life and the ability to perform daily living activities. ⋯ In patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, lubiprostone 8 mcg twice daily was found to be safe and well tolerated over 9-13 months of treatment.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
Comparative Study Controlled Clinical TrialComparison between prostaglandin E1, and esmolol infusions in controlled hypotension during scoliosis correction surgery a clinical trial.
scoliosis correction surgery is common in children, and adolescents. Deliberate hypotension is indicated in scoliosis correction procedures, because bloodless field is needed for exposure of the nerve roots, and to decrease the need for blood transfusion. Protection of the kidneys during deliberate hypotension is essential. The ideal hypotensive drug maintains the renal function and the urine output during the period of hypotension. Aim of this study is to compare Prostaglandin E1, and Esmolol hypotensive effects, bleeding score, and their effects on the serum creatnine, and urine output. ⋯ Prostaglandin E1 hypotensive effects started earlier than Esmolol and its bleeding score is better than esmolol especially at thirty minutes after initiation of the infusion. Prostaglandin E1 can maintain renal function and urine output more than Esmolol. This study recommended using Prostaglandin E1 to induce hypotensive anesthesia in scoliosis correction