Articles: cations.
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Directional leads have garnered widespread use in deep brain stimulation (DBS) because of the ability to steer current and maximize the therapeutic window. Accurate identification of lead orientation is critical to effective programming. Although directional markers are visible on 2-dimensional imaging, precise orientation may be difficult to interpret. Recent studies have suggested methods of determining lead orientation, but these involve advanced intraoperative imaging and/or complex computational algorithms. Our objective is to develop a precise and reliable method of determining orientation of directional leads using conventional imaging techniques and readily available software. ⋯ We propose a method to determine orientation of directional DBS leads in a precise manner on conventional imaging and readily available software. This method is reliable across DBS vendors, and it can simplify this process and aid in effective programming.
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Recently, denervation therapies have drawn attention as a promising treatment, and cooled radiofrequency has been proposed as the best option to capture most of the genicular nerves. We present a rare case of synovial knee fistula after radiofrequency and its management. ⋯ One week later, the fistula was closed, and 14 months later, the procedure was repeated without complications. Genicular radiofrequency ablation is an emerging technique, and providers should be aware of the reported complications to counsel patients and manage potential risks appropriately.
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Purpose: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is a severe neuromuscular complication that frequently occurs in patients with sepsis. The precise molecular pathophysiology of mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) and mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in ICUAW has not been fully elucidated. Here, we speculate that ICUAW is associated with MICU1:MCU protein ratio-mediated mitochondrial calcium ([Ca 2+ ] m ) uptake dysfunction. ⋯ However, MICU1 prophylactic overexpression reversed these effects by increasing the MICU1:MCU protein ratio. Conclusions: ICUAW is associated with impaired [Ca 2+ ] m uptake caused by a decreased MICU1:MCU protein ratio. MICU1 overexpression improves sepsis-induced skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy by ameliorating the [Ca 2+ ] m uptake disorder.