Articles: cations.
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Previous estimates of risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving natalizumab were stratified by three risk factors: anti-John Cunningham virus (JCV) antibodies in serum, previous immunosuppressant use, and treatment duration, which were estimated using population-based assumptions. We aimed to calculate PML risk estimates from patient-level risk-factor data and to stratify risk by concentrations of anti-JCV antibody in serum (anti-JCV antibody index). ⋯ Biogen.
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Observational Study
The Theory and Practice of Pancreatic Surgery in France.
Measure the caseload of pancreatectomies that influences their short-term outcome, at a national level, and assess the applicability of a centralization policy. ⋯ Centralization of pancreatic surgery is theoretically justified, but currently unrealizable. As the incidence of pancreatic cancer increases, there is an urgent need to improve the training of surgeons and develop both intermediate and high-volume centers.
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To evaluate the impact of lymph node yield (LNY) on survival in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by esophagectomy for cancer. ⋯ This large population-based cohort study demonstrates an association between LNY and overall survival, indicating a therapeutic value of extended lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy. Therefore, an extended lymphadenectomy should be the standard of care after nCRT.
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Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a benign liver tumour that may be complicated by bleeding or malignant transformation. Present guidelines advise cessation of oral contraceptives and surgical resection if the lesion is still larger than 5 cm at 6 months after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether this 6-month interval is sufficient to expect regression of a large HCA to 5 cm or smaller. ⋯ This study suggests that a 6-month cut-off point for assessment of regression of HCA larger than 5 cm to no more than 5 cm is too early. As no complications were documented during follow-up, the cut-off point in women with typical, non-β-catenin-activated HCA could be prolonged to 12 months, irrespective of baseline diameter.
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During the last decade, face allotransplantation has been shown to be a revolutionary reconstructive procedure for severe disfigurements. However, offer to patients remains limited due to lifelong immunosuppression. To move forward in the field, a new pathway in tissue engineering is proposed. ⋯ Complex acellular facial scaffolds were obtained, preserving simultaneously a cell-friendly extracellular matrix and a perfusable vascular tree. This step will enable further engineering of postmortem facial grafts, thereby offering new perspectives in composite tissue allotransplantation.