Articles: emergency-medicine.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Point-of-Care Echocardiography of the Right Heart Improves Acute Heart Failure Risk Stratification for Low-Risk Patients: The REED-AHF Prospective Study.
Validated acute heart failure (AHF) clinical decision instruments (CDI) insufficiently identify low-risk patients meriting consideration of outpatient treatment. While pilot data show that tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is associated with adverse events, no AHF CDI currently incorporates point-of-care echocardiography (POCecho). We evaluated whether TAPSE adds incremental risk stratification value to an existing CDI. ⋯ TAPSE increased detection of low-risk AHF patients, after use of a validated CDI, at risk thresholds more conservative than standard of care.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial.
Background and objectives: Ocular ultrasound is a core application of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to assist physicians in promptly identifying various ocular diseases at the bedside; however, hands-on POCUS training is challenging during a pandemic. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial was conducted in an academic emergency department from October 2020 to April 2021. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. ⋯ The second scan scores were not significantly different from those of the first scan. The groups did not differ in scanning time or knowledge test results; however, Group H showed higher subjective satisfaction with the training method (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that basic online ocular ultrasound education was not inferior to hands-on education, suggesting that it could be a useful educational approach in the pandemic era.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Advances in clinical trials methodology: Intervention optimization approaches in emergency medicine.
The classical two-arm randomized clinical trial (RCT) is designed to test the efficacy or effectiveness of an intervention, which may consist of one or more components. However, this approach does not enable the investigator to obtain information that is important in intervention development, such as which individual components of the intervention are efficacious, which are not and possibly should be removed, and whether any components interact. The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) is a new framework for development, optimization, and evaluation of interventions. ⋯ If a fixed intervention, i.e. one in which the same intervention content and intensity is provided to all participants, is to be optimized, a factorial experiment is often appropriate. If an adaptive intervention, i.e. one in which intervention content or intensity is varied in a principled manner, is to be optimized, a sequential multiple-assignment randomized trial (SMART) is often a good choice. The objective of this article is to describe MOST and the scientific rationale for its use; describe two current applications of MOST in emergency medicine research, one using a factorial experiment and the other using a SMART; and discuss funding strategies and potential future applications in studying the care of individuals with acute illness, injury, or behavioral disorders.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A Multi-Media Digital Intervention to Improve Female Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescent Female Emergency Department Patients.
Adolescent females presenting to emergency departments (EDs) inconsistently use contraceptives. We aimed to assess implementation outcomes and potential efficacy of a user-informed, theory-based digital health intervention developed to improve sexual and reproductive health for adolescent females in the ED. ⋯ A personalized, interactive digital intervention was feasible to implement, acceptable to female ED patients and demonstrated high fidelity and adoption. This ED-based intervention shows potential to improve contraception decision making.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialPutting Theory to Practice: Applying Cognitive Load Theory to Resident Medical Education.
We built 2 versions of an asynchronous pediatric orthopedic educational intervention for emergency medicine residents and sought to compare the two. We hypothesized that the version incorporating more instructional scaffolding in the form of a cognitive aid (CA) would optimize germane cognitive load for our target novice learners and result in higher test scores. ⋯ Emergency medicine residents performed better after completing the CA version of our educational intervention. Applying cognitive load theory to an educational intervention may increase its success among target learners.