Articles: anesthesia.
-
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 2000
Multicenter Study[Surveillance of nosocomial infections related to anesthesia. A multicenter study].
To determine incidence rate, main characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infections associated with anesthesia (NIAA). ⋯ This first prospective survey of NIAA confirmed that nosocomial infections are a real problem in the practice of anaesthesia and the necessity to use preventive measures. A survey with a larger sample size would allow to specify the respective part of the various risk factors and to develop a risk index.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia for hip fracture repair: a longitudinal observation of 741 elderly patients during 2-year follow-up.
The Baltimore Hip Studies, a multicenter, noninterventional, observational trial, provided an opportunity to investigate the effects of anesthetic technique on the long-term outcome of elderly patients after hip fracture repair. Detailed interviews assessing functional status and pain were conducted during the hospital stay. Out-of-hospital evaluations were repeated after the procedure at 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months with a portable gait and balance laboratory. ⋯ Of 741 enrolled patients who completed the study, 430 and 311 patients received spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia, respectively. Subgroup analysis of three spinal anesthetics, tetracaine, lidocaine, and epinephrine, was also done. In the present large observational study, general anesthesia was at least as efficacious as spinal anesthesia, and possibly better, in affording good long-term outcome.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Topical anesthesia in posterior vitrectomy.
To evaluate the efficacy of topical anesthesia as an alternative to peribulbar or retrobulbar anesthesia in posterior vitrectomy procedures. ⋯ This technique avoids the risk of globe perforation, retrobulbar hemorrhage, and prolonged postoperative akinesia of the eye. With appropriate case selection, topical anesthesia is a safe and effective alternative to peribulbar or retrobulbar anesthesia in three-port pars plana vitrectomy procedures.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rapacuronium for modified rapid sequence induction in elective caesarean section: neuromuscular blocking effects and safety compared with succinylcholine, and placental transfer.
We have compared rapacuronium 2.5 mg kg-1 (n = 20) with succinylcholine 1.5 mg kg-1 (n = 22) in a multicentre, blinded, randomized study in full-term parturients undergoing elective Caesarean section under general anaesthesia. Thiopental 5 mg kg-1 was given i.v. followed by the neuromuscular blocking agent. Sixty seconds later intubation was performed. ⋯ At delivery (17.7 (3.2) min), mean maternal plasma concentrations of rapacuronium were 9041.4 (1259.1) ng ml-1 and 506.4 (24.9) ng ml-1 for Org 9488 (the main metabolite). Corresponding values for umbilical venous plasma were 808.0 (92.1) ng ml-1 and 59.1 (6.5) ng ml-1, and for umbilical arterial plasma, 361.4 (56.4) ng ml-1 and 29.7 (4.6) ng ml-1, respectively. Umbilical venous to maternal venous ratios for rapacuronium and Org 9488 were 8.8% (1.3)% and 10.2 (1.7)%, respectively.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of two doses of rapacuronium (ORG 9487) versus mivacurium and succinylcholine.
This study compares the neuromuscular blocking and cardiovascular effects of rapacuronium (ORG 9487), a new aminosteroid nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, to recommended intubating doses of succinylcholine and mivacurium. ⋯ Rapacuronium, 1.5 and 2.5 mg/kg, produced neuromuscular blockade as rapidly as succinylcholine and significantly faster than mivacurium. Although succinylcholine continued to show the shortest duration, 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium used a rapid onset and a relatively short duration and may be considered an alternative to succinylcholine.