Articles: anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Nausea and vomiting in day-case dental anaesthesia. The use of low-dose droperidol.
The anti-emetic effects of low-dose droperidol (1.25 mg), ultra-low-dose droperidol (0.25 mg) and a placebo were compared in patients admitted for day-case dental anaesthesia. Ultra-low-dose droperidol produced a significant decrease in the subjective feeling of nausea without delaying recovery or discharge from the hospital (p less than 0.05). Low-dose droperidol did not significantly reduce nausea (p greater than 0.05) and prolonged the recovery time (p less than 0.05).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Choice of local anaesthetic drug for extradural caesarean section. Comparison of 0.5% and 0.75% bupivacaine and 1.5% etidocaine.
One hundred women undergoing elective lower uterine segment Caesarean section under extradural anaesthesia received either 0.5% or 0.75% plain bupivacaine or 1.5% etidocaine with adrenaline 1:200 000 by random allocation. The time taken to establish satisfactory blockade for surgery was significantly shorter in the etidocaine group compared with either of the bupivacaine groups (P less than 0.001). There were no significant differences in the durations of either analgesia or motor blockade in the three groups. ⋯ Measurement of plasma bupivacaine concentrations in 34 of the patients revealed significantly increased umbilical venous concentrations at the time of birth in those who received 0.75% bupivacaine (P less than 0.05). There was no advantage in the use of bupivacaine in concentrations exceeding 0.5%. Etidocaine 1.5% may be of some value in situations where minimal delay in establishing adequate extradural blockade for surgery is desirable, but in view of its comparatively poor analgesic effects, routine use is not recommended.
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Klinische Wochenschrift · Nov 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAdrenocortical suppression by a single induction dose of etomidate.
In a prospective controlled trial we studied the effect of a single induction dose of etomidate or thiopentone on the adrenocortical function in 29 patients undergoing elective surgery. During anesthesia and in the recovery period serum cortisol rose significantly in the thiopentone group only. ⋯ Moreover, plasma ACTH increased significantly more after etomidate than after thiopentone (p less than 0.02) indicating relative unresponsiveness of the adrenal cortex to stimulation by endogenous ACTH. We conclude that a single i.v. bolus of etomidate (0.26 mg/kg) leads to significant adrenal insufficiency in patients without preexisting endocrine abnormalities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Subarachnoid anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine: effects of density.
The effects of subarachnoid administration of 0.5% bupivacaine 4 ml in 8%, 5% or 0% glucose were investigated in a double-blind study in 30 women undergoing laparotomy through a lower abdominal incision. The onset time for maximum segmental spread of analgesia was 10-15 min for all solutions. Cephalad segmental spread of analgesia was three to four segments higher with the hyperbaric solutions (T4-5 v. ⋯ Duration of motor blockade generally decreased with increasing glucose concentration, only the hyperbaric solutions providing useful for abdominal surgery, with a duration of 1-1.5 h. Anaesthesia (halothane) was required in seven of 10 patients in the glucose-free group and in five of 20 in the hyperbaric groups. No occurrence of "post-spinal headache" was recorded in the study.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Oct 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Pain-relieving effect of transcutaneous nerve stimulation during delivery. A study among primiparas].