Articles: closed-circuit-anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Which is most pungent: isoflurane, sevoflurane or desflurane?
We compared the pungency and tolerability of three inhaled anaesthetics in a randomized, double-blind study. Eighty-one unpremedicated patients (n = 27, each group) inhaled 2 MAC of isoflurane (2.3%), desflurane (12%) or sevoflurane (4%) for 60 s from an anaesthetic breathing circuit via a mask. Two blinded observers recorded coughing, complaints of burning and irritation, and how long the inhalation was tolerated. ⋯ All sevoflurane, 20 isoflurane and seven desflurane patients completed the study period (average 60, 49 and 33 s, respectively, P < 0.05). The irritability grading was: desflurane > isoflurane > sevoflurane (P < 0.05). Sevoflurane is the least irritating agent for inhalation at 2 MAC concentration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of compound A concentrations with sevoflurane anaesthesia using a closed system with a PhysioFlex anaesthesia machine vs a low-flow system with a conventional anaesthesia machine.
Sevoflurane anaesthesia was conducted using a totally closed circuit PhysioFlex anaesthesia machine (PhysioFlex group) or with a standard Modulus CD anaesthesia machine (Modulus group) (n = 8 in each group). The PhysioFlex was used under closed system conditions and the Modulus was used under low-flow system conditions (flow rate 1 litre min-1). Concentrations of sevoflurane degradation products and the temperature of soda lime were compared. ⋯ Hourly compound A concentrations were lower in the PhysioFlex group than in the Modulus group. End-tidal sevoflurane concentrations during measurement of degradation products were not different between groups. Therefore, use of the totally closed PhysioFlex system may significantly reduce compound A concentrations compared with low-flow anaesthesia using a standard anaesthesia machine.
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Veterinary surgery : VS · Nov 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialInhaled carbon monoxide concentration during halothane or isoflurane anesthesia in horses.
The purpose of this study was to assess carbon monoxide (CO) exposure during equine anesthesia with either halothane (H) or isoflurane (I) delivered in a circle rebreathing system. ⋯ Levels of CO observed during the administration of either H or I for 90 minutes to horses were not clinically significant.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of breathing methods for inhalation induction of anaesthesia.
We studied healthy female patients, allocated randomly to three breathing regimens for induction of anaesthesia using sevoflurane and oxygen from a co-axial Mapleson D breathing system and a mask, to test the hypothesis that rebreathing reduces the incidence of apnoea associated with loss of consciousness. The non-rebreathing group received sevoflurane in oxygen 6 litre min-1 from the start, doubling in concentration from 0.5% to 8% every 3 breaths. The second group received oxygen 6 litre min-1 for 1 min before sevoflurane was introduced, and the third group received oxygen 3 litre min-1 for 1 min before sevoflurane. ⋯ Apnoea occurred in five of 15 patients who did not receive oxygen before sevoflurane and in four of 13 who received oxygen 6 litre min-1 (P < 0.05). No patient showed a reduction in pulse oximeter saturation. We conclude that inhalation induction of anaesthesia can be performed reliably in approximately 3 min using sevoflurane in oxygen 3 litre min-1.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialClinical evaluation of low-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia for paediatric patients.
Sevoflurane expenditure, inspired gas humidity, temperature, soda lime temperature, and compounds A and B were measured during high and low fresh gas flow anaesthesia in paediatric patients. ⋯ In conclusion, sevoflurane used for paediatric patients in a circle system with a fresh gas flow of 0.6l.min-1 resulted in a significantly reduced sevoflurane expenditure, higher inspired absolute humidity, but not temperature, compared to a fresh gas flow of 6l.min-1. Low levels of compounds A and B were detected.