Articles: anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of Perineural Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound-guided Interscalene Block on Rebound Pain after Shoulder Arthroscopy.
This prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was performed to investigate the effect on rebound pain incidence of mixing dexmedetomidine (DEX) with local anesthetics in a combined injection interscalene block (ISB) during shoulder arthroscopy. ⋯ Perineural DEX added to ISB exerts a beneficial effect on the incidence of rebound pain after ISB in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy. Perineural DEX facilitated the implementation of multimodal analgesia in the early stage after operation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2025
ReviewA Scoping Review of the Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Anesthetic Neurotoxicity.
Although anesthesia makes painful or uncomfortable diagnostic and interventional health care procedures tolerable, it may also disrupt key cellular processes in neurons and glia, harm the developing brain, and thereby impair cognition and behavior in children. Many years of studies using in vitro, animal behavioral, retrospective database studies in humans, and several prospective clinical trials in humans have been invaluable in discerning the potential toxicity of anesthetics. The objective of this scoping review was to synthetize the evidence from preclinical studies for various mechanisms of toxicity across diverse experimental designs and relate their findings to those of recent clinical trials in real-world settings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparative study of labour analgesia onset with injection of loading dose through epidural needle versus catheter: A prospective, double-blinded, randomised clinical trial.
Rapid onset of epidural analgesia is an important concern for the parturient. Commonly, the local anaesthetic mixture is administered through the epidural catheter. Drugs administered through the epidural needle might decrease the onset time and enhance the spread of medication within the epidural space. ⋯ Compared with bolus injection though a single end-hole epidural catheter, injection through the epidural needle did not shorten the analgesia onset time for adequate labour analgesia.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Feb 2025
ReviewPerioperative management of patients with mediastinal mass syndrome.
The mediastinal mass syndrome (MMS) can occur after induction of anesthesia, intraoperatively or even days after the surgical procedure. The focus of this review is on the management of pediatric and adult patients with a significant mediastinal mass. ⋯ Meticulous planning, implementation of anesthetic management protocols and protocols for emergency situations are essential to guarantee patient safety with a mediastinal mass.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2025
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion on subarachnoid anesthesia in patients undergoing total knee replacement: a randomised controlled trial.
Intravenous lidocaine is a non-opioid analgesic adjunct for perioperative pain relief. The aim of our study was to explore whether concurrent administration of intravenous lidocaine prolongs the duration of sensory block during total knee replacement (TKR) under spinal anaesthesia. ⋯ During unilateral TKR under spinal anaesthesia, concurrent use of intravenous lidocaine prolonged sensory block and reduced postoperative analgesic requirements.