Articles: anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Use of the Synera patch for local anesthesia before vascular access procedures: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, paired study compared the Synera patch, a drug delivery device comprised of an eutectic mixture of lidocaine (70 mg) and tetracaine (70 mg) whose onset is accelerated by a controlled heating device, with placebo. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Synera in inducing local anesthesia before a vascular access procedure. ⋯ A 20-minute application of Synera consistently provided clinically useful anesthesia for vascular access procedures, and appears to be well suited for topical dermal anesthesia due to its reduced time required to produce adequate anesthesia and high subject and investigator acceptance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Epidural local anesthetic plus corticosteroid for the treatment of cervical brachial radicular pain: single injection versus continuous infusion.
Efficacy of epidural local anesthetics plus steroids for the treatment of cervicobrachial pain is uncertain. ⋯ Therapy with continuous epidural local anesthetic and methylprednisolone provides better control of chronic cervicobrachial pain compared with Single injection. These results are discussed with respect to the possible mechanism of action of the drugs and may relate to the physiopathologic mechanisms associated with neuronal plasticity that result in chronic pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Systemic lidocaine shortens length of hospital stay after colorectal surgery: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
To characterize the beneficial effects of perioperative systemic lidocaine on length of hospital stay, gastrointestinal motility, and the inflammatory response after colorectal surgery. ⋯ Perioperative intravenous lidocaine not only improved gastrointestinal motility but also shortened length of hospital stay significantly. Anti-inflammatory activity modulating the surgery-induced stress response may be one potential mechanism. Systemic lidocaine may thus provide a convenient and inexpensive approach to improve outcome for patients not suitable for epidural anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Avoidance of nitrous oxide for patients undergoing major surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Nitrous oxide is widely used in anesthesia, often administered at an inspired concentration around 70%. Although nitrous oxide interferes with vitamin B12, folate metabolism, and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and prevents the use of high inspired oxygen concentrations, the consequences of these effects are unclear. ⋯ Avoidance of nitrous oxide and the concomitant increase in inspired oxygen concentration decreases the incidence of complications after major surgery, but does not significantly affect the duration of hospital stay. The routine use of nitrous oxide in patients undergoing major surgery should be questioned.
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J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. · Aug 2007
Multicenter StudyClinical evaluation of a new formulation of propofol in a medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides emulsion in dogs.
Propofol formulated in a mixed medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides emulsion has been recently introduced for clinical use as an alternative to the conventional long-chain triglycerides formulation. This prospective multicentric study evaluated the clinical effectiveness and the complications associated with the use of this new formulation of propofol in dogs. Forty-six Spanish veterinary clinics participated in this study. ⋯ There were no cases of pain on injection or aspiration pneumonia. Three dogs died (0.55%), one during induction and two during recovery from anaesthesia. This study demonstrates that the new formulation of propofol is an useful and effective drug to induce general anaesthesia in dogs.