Articles: anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Speed of recovery and side-effect profile of sevoflurane sedation compared with midazolam.
Sedation for surgical procedures performed with regional or local anesthesia has usually been achieved with intravenous medications, whereas the use of volatile anesthetics has been limited. The use of sevoflurane for sedation has been suggested because of its characteristics of nonpungency, rapid induction, and quick elimination. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the quality, recovery, and side effects of sevoflurane sedation compared with midazolam. ⋯ Sevoflurane for sedation produces faster recovery of cognitive function as measured by DSST and memory scores compared with midazolam. However, sevoflurane for sedation is complicated by a high incidence of intraoperative excitement.
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Journal of wound care · Jan 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialUsing a topical anaesthetic cream to reduce pain during sharp debridement of chronic leg ulcers.
This multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study assessed the efficacy and safety of using Emla (lignocaine/prilocaine) anaesthetic cream to achieve pain control during sharp debridement of chronic leg ulcers of arterial, venous or arteriovenous aetiology. A total of 101 patients (51 Emla, 50 placebo), aged 29-99 years, who had experienced pain associated with previous debridement were included. Patients with an amide anaesthetic allergy, anaesthetic diabetic ulcers, or ulcers > 50 cm2 were excluded. ⋯ The corresponding investigator values in the two groups were 20 mm and 49.5 mm, respectively (p = 0.004). Local reactions were mainly transient and mild, and were observed in roughly the same percentage of placebo and Emla-treated patients. After a 30-minute application Emla cream significantly reduced the pain of debridement compared with the placebo.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Renal responses to low-flow desflurane, sevoflurane, and propofol in patients.
The contributing factors that result in significant, postoperative proteinuria and glucosuria after low-flow isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia are unknown. The present study compared renal responses after anesthesia with desflurane (negligible metabolism), sevoflurane, or intravenous propofol. ⋯ Alterations in postoperative renal function were common and unrelated to the choice of anesthetic. These findings implicate nonanesthetic factors in producing changes in biochemical indices of renal excretory function.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative nausea and vomiting after sevoflurane with or without ondansetron compared with propofol in female patients undergoing breast surgery.
We studied 180 female patients undergoing breast surgery. The patients were randomly allocated to receive one of three anesthetic techniques. Compared with either propofol or sevoflurane alone, sevoflurane with ondansetron resulted in a decreased incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Sevoflurane with ondansetron prophylaxis is a good alternative to propofol with respect to avoiding postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A multicenter randomized double-blind comparison of remifentanil and alfentanil during total intravenous anaesthesia for out-patient laparoscopic gynaecological procedures.
We compared Remifentanil, an esterase-metabolized opioid, with Alfentanil as part of the total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and atracurium for out-patient laparoscopic gynaecological procedures in a multicenter randomized, double-blind study. We chose Remifentanil 1 mg./kg.for bolus injection and a continuous infusion of 0.25-0.5 microg./kg./min, compared to Alfentanil 20 microg./kg. For bolus injection and a continuous infusion of 0.5-1 microg./kg./min. ⋯ The incidence of intraoperative bradycardia was significantly higher with Remifentanil. Other incidences of nausea, emesis, urinary retention and postural hypotension were similar. All patients were ready to be discharged from the hospital within two hours after extubation except for one patient in the Alfentanil group who needed five hours of hospital stay because of urinary retention, nausea and severe emesis.