Articles: anesthetics.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparative evaluation of four different infusion rates of ropivacaine (2 mg/mL) for epidural labor analgesia.
Previous studies have reported comparable efficacy for ropivacaine and bupivacaine when used for labor analgesia at concentrations of 2.5 mg/mL. In this multicenter study, we assessed ropivacaine at the commercially available concentration of 2 mg/mL (0.2%) for labor pain management. ⋯ The 2 mg/mL of ropivacaine produces satisfactory labor analgesia at epidural infusion rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 mL/hour, provided supplemental bolus dosages are available. Clinically, a rate of 6 mL/hour may be the lowest effective rate that provides the best combination of pain relief, motor block, and rebolusing, although rates of 8 and 10 mL/hour produced similar results.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Meta Analysis Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Neonatal outcome and mode of delivery after epidural analgesia for labour with ropivacaine and bupivacaine: a prospective meta-analysis.
In this prospective meta-analysis, we have evaluated the effect of epidural analgesia with ropivacaine for pain in labour on neonatal outcome and mode of delivery compared with bupivacaine. In six randomized, double-blind studies, 403 labouring women, primigravidae and multiparae, received epidural analgesia with ropivacaine or bupivacaine 2.5 mg ml-1. The drugs were administered as intermittent boluses in four studies and by continuous infusion in two. ⋯ Spontaneous vaginal deliveries occurred more frequently overall with ropivacaine than with bupivacaine (58% vs 49%; P < 0.05) and instrumental deliveries (forceps and vacuum extraction) less frequently (27% vs 40%; P < 0.01), while the frequency of Caesarean section was similar between groups. The intensity of motor block was lower with ropivacaine. There were no significant differences in adverse events.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialA comparison of 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine for axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia.
The purpose of this study was to compare the use of 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.5% bupivacaine for axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia. Sixty-six patients undergoing upper limb surgery were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, multicentre trial. Five patients were subsequently excluded for various reasons. ⋯ These parameters were not statistically different. The duration of partial motor block at the wrist (6.8 v 16.4h) and hand (6.7 v 12.3h) was significantly longer with bupivacaine. Ropivacaine 0.5% and bupivacaine 0.5% appeared equally efficacious as long-acting local anaesthetics for axillary brachial plexus block.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialMaintenance and recovery characteristics of sevoflurane anaesthesia in adult patients. A multicenter, randomized comparison with isoflurane.
The goal of the present multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical investigation was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of sevoflurane and isoflurane during maintenance of and recovery from general anaesthesia in adult patients. ⋯ We conclude that sevoflurane, when compared to isoflurane, provides a similarly safe maintenance but allows for a more rapid emergence from general anaesthesia.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialMaintenance of and recovery from anaesthesia in elderly patients. A clinical comparison between sevoflurane and isoflurane.
The goal of this multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical investigation was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of sevoflurane and isoflurane during the maintenance of and the recovery from general anaesthesia in elderly patients. ⋯ When used in elderly patients undergoing operations of intermediate duration, sevoflurane provides a more rapid emergence from anaesthesia with a faster fulfillment of discharging criteria, and a more stable cardiovascular homeostasis than isoflurane. Renal function also appears to be equally well preserved with both anaesthetics.