Articles: mortality.
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In the US, approximately 10.55 million adults have atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is associated with significantly increased risk of stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, dementia, chronic kidney disease, and mortality. ⋯ AF is associated with increased rates of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. Lifestyle and risk factor modification are recommended to prevent AF onset, recurrence, and complications, and oral anticoagulants are recommended for those with an estimated risk of stroke or thromboembolic events of 2% or greater per year. Early rhythm control using antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation is recommended in select patients with AF experiencing symptomatic paroxysmal AF or HFrEF.
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Cervical cancer (CC) is preventable. CC screening decreases CC mortality. Emergency department (ED) patients are at disproportionately high risk for nonadherence with CC screening recommendations. The ED, therefore, is a target-rich environment for interventions to promote CC screening. ⋯ This study demonstrates that both of the evaluated low-intensity ED-based interventions significantly increase subsequent CC screening uptake compared to historical controls. The higher intensity intervention significantly increased screening uptake compared to the lower intensity intervention among women ≥40 years old.
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This narrative review discusses the mechanisms connecting gut dysbiosis to adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients and explores potential therapeutic strategies. ⋯ The microbiota plays an important role in shaping outcomes for critically ill patients. According to evidence, alterations in the gut and lung microbiota are associated with disease severity, mortality, and overall patient recovery. Evolving research opens possibilities for personalized medicine by tailoring treatments based on individual microbiota profiles, though clinical applications are still developing.
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Jan 2025
Prediction of mortality in heart failure by machine learning. Comparison with statistical modeling.
Assessing the relative performance of machine learning (ML) methods and conventional statistical methods in predicting prognosis in heart failure (HF) still remains a challenging research field. ⋯ RF and XGBoost models outperformed MAGGIC in predicting mortality. However, they did not offer any improvement over a logistic regression model built using the same set of covariates considered in the ML modeling.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jan 2025
ReviewSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and outcomes in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) commonly leads to heart failure but has traditionally been an exclusion criterion in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i); therefore, the effects of these drugs in this population remain undocumented. In light of recent studies, this meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of SGLT2i on the prognosis of patients with ATTR-CM. ⋯ The use of SGLT2is may be associated with a more favourable prognosis in patients with ATTR-CM. Adequately powered, long-term RCTs are required to validate the available observational evidence.