Articles: mortality.
-
Eur J Public Health · Oct 2010
A case-control analysis of socio-economic and marital status differentials in alcohol- and non-alcohol-related mortality among working-age Russian males.
We examined the role of socio-economic status (SES) and marital status in premature mortality among working-age Russian males. Life expectancy among this group dropped sharply following the collapse of the Soviet Union and has yet to recover despite the relative economic and political stability of the last decade. ⋯ While hazardous drinking is known to be a leading cause of premature mortality among working-age Russian males, it is unwise to ignore other factors. Given the substantial social and economic impacts in Russia of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it is important to examine the health effects of SES and marital status and other social forces in the nation. Our results reveal that while Russia has a very different past in terms of medicine, public health and economic institutions, it currently faces public health threats that follow similar patterns to those found in Western nations.
-
This paper poses three questions: (1) Does mortality from natural causes spike around Christmas and New Year? (2) If so, does this spike exist for all major disease groups or only specialized groups? (3) If twin holiday spikes exist, need this imply that Christmas and New Year are risk factors for death? To answer these questions, we used all official U. S. death certificates, 1979-2004 (n = 57,451,944) in various hospital settings to examine daily mortality levels around Christmas and New Year. We measured the Christmas increase by comparing observed deaths with expected deaths in the week starting on Christmas. ⋯ In the two weeks starting with Christmas, there is an excess of 42,325 deaths from natural causes above and beyond the normal winter increase. Christmas and New Year appear to be risk factors for deaths from many diseases. We tested nine possible explanations for these risk factors, but further research is needed.
-
On 12 January 2010 an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter Scale struck Haiti, causing unprecedented death, injury and destruction for an event of this magnitude. Our aim was to generate a rapid assessment of the primary consequences for the population of the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince, the national capital. During the summer of 2009 we conducted a survey of 1,800 households in metropolitan Port-au-Prince. ⋯ Many residents of Port-au-Prince died during or as a result of the earthquake, albeit fewer than were widely reported. More than half of the capital's population experienced moderate to severe food insecurity, though remittances are a major protective factor in promoting food security. Survivors continue to experience high levels of sexual assault and limited access to durable shelter.
-
Eur J Trauma Emerg S · Oct 2010
The impact of trauma mechanism on outcome: a follow-up study on health-related quality of life after major trauma.
To relate the trauma mechanism in a trauma population to health-related quality of life outcomes and mortality rates. ⋯ Even though the follow-up rate was only 53%, this study showed that, at 12 months, patients with self-inflicted injuries had significantly lower HRQoL ratings. There was no difference in mortality with regard to trauma mechanism. Cooperation between emergency service and psychiatric care early in the acute phase could provide a golden opportunity to reach this patient group.
-
Arch Argent Pediatr · Oct 2010
[Validation of PRISM and PIM2 scores of mortality in a pediatric intensive care unit in Cordoba].
Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) are scoring systems to predict mortality likehood; thus, it is necessary to validate such predictors in Pediatric Intensive Care Units' population. ⋯ Both scores discriminated and calibrated well as the p-value of the HL test, althougt the analysis of the HL table appears inadequate to PIM2 calibration, in terms of severity-adjusted mortality.