Articles: mortality.
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Rev Epidemiol Sante · Oct 2003
Comparative Study[Causes of death in a cohort of EDF-GDF employees: comparison between occupational medicine and official statistics data].
In an epidemiological study, medical causes of death may be obtained from different sources. In a study on French gas and electricity company (EDF-GDF) workers, they were obtained from the national INSERM database. Additionally, the causes collected by the EDF-GDF occupational physicians were available for a subset of 1,330 deaths, which occurred between 1989 and 1994. The data from the two sources were compared with each other, in order to assess whether they were globally equivalent, and the potential impact of their differences on the results of epidemiological analyses. ⋯ Causes of death recorded in the INSERM and EDF-GDF physicians databases are very different. Therefore, using the national mortality rates computed by INSERM with the EDF-GDF physicians causes of death to calculate SMRs is not valid, and it is observed that they may be very different from those computed with INSERM data. In a general way, it should be better to use the INSERM database, which is a common source, in order to generate results comparable with other studies. However, this database has its own limitations, and it may be better, in particular situations and for internal analyses, to use another source if it seems to be a better one.
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This report presents final 2001 data on U.S. deaths and death rates according to demographic and medical characteristics such as age, sex, Hispanic origin, race, marital status, educational attainment, injury at work, State of residence, and cause of death. Trends and patterns in general mortality, life expectancy, and infant and maternal mortality are also described. A previous report presented preliminary mortality data for 2001. ⋯ Generally, mortality patterns in 2001 were consistent with long-term trends. Life expectancy in 2001 increased again to a new record level. The age-adjusted death rate declined to a record low historical figure. Although statistically unchanged from 2000, the trend in infant mortality has shown a steady, although slowing, decline. The declining trend in the homicide death rate was reversed primarily as a result of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.
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Community levels of air pollution have been associated with variability in mortality rates, but previous studies have inferred exposure to pollutants on a citywide basis. We investigated mortality in relation to neighbourhood levels of income and air pollution in an urban area. ⋯ Mortality rates varied by neighbourhood of residence in this cohort of people whose lung function was tested. Two of the broader determinants of health--income and air pollution levels--were important correlates of mortality in this population.
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To date, there are few large follow-up studies of apparently healthy subjects with microalbuminuria (MA). The aim of this study is to examine the association between MA and all-cause mortality in nondiabetic nonhypertensive individuals. ⋯ Although this study confirms the association of all-cause mortality and ACR level in apparently healthy individuals, intervention trials are necessary before clinical cutoff levels of ACR are established and before screening programs are recommended.
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Health services research · Aug 2003
Improved comorbidity adjustment for predicting mortality in Medicare populations.
To define and improve the performance of existing comorbidity scores in predicting mortality in Medicare enrollees. ⋯ We conclude that in epidemiologic studies of the elderly, a modified diagnosis-based score using empirically derived weights provides improved adjustment for comorbidity and enhances the validity of findings.