Articles: mortality.
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Critical care medicine · Feb 2006
Review Meta AnalysisOxime therapy and outcomes in human organophosphate poisoning: an evaluation using meta-analytic techniques.
The status of oximes in human organophosphate poisoning is controversial. This analysis compares the outcomes of therapy with or without oximes. ⋯ Based on the current available data on human organophosphate poisoning, oxime was associated with either a null effect or possible harm. The lack of current prospective randomized controlled trials, with appropriate patient stratification, mandates ongoing assessment of the role of oximes in organophosphate poisoning.
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To describe the epidemiology of cancer in the United States-risk factors, trends, and recent patterns of disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. ⋯ Nursing can use epidemiologic tools to reduce the suffering and death caused by cancer and improve the quality of life for cancer survivors.
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Review Comparative Study
[Moderate alcohol consumption and mortality for various reasons].
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The Milbank quarterly · Jan 2004
ReviewIs income inequality a determinant of population health? Part 1. A systematic review.
This article reviews 98 aggregate and multilevel studies examining the associations between income inequality and health. Overall, there seems to be little support for the idea that income inequality is a major, generalizable determinant of population health differences within or between rich countries. ⋯ The strongest evidence for direct health effects is among states in the United States, but even that is somewhat mixed. Despite little support for a direct effect of income inequality on health per se, reducing income inequality by raising the incomes of the most disadvantaged will improve their health, help reduce health inequalities, and generally improve population health.
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Health among the older population as measured by most dimensions has improved during the last two decades. Mortality has continued to decline, and disability and functioning loss are less common now than in the past. However, the prevalence of most diseases has increased in the older population as people survive longer with disease, and the reduction in incidence does not counter the effect of increased survival. On the other hand, having a disease appears to be less disabling than in the past.