Articles: dementia.
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLong-term citicoline (cytidine diphosphate choline) use in patients with vascular dementia: neuroimaging and neuropsychological outcomes.
Cytidine diphosphate choline (citicoline) has been previously shown to have efficacy in reducing the functional impairments associated with acute stroke. Citicoline is thought to have neuroprotective benefits and has been used for the treatment of chronic cerebrovascular disorders, though its effectiveness has not been fully tested. This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted to determine whether daily citicoline treatment improves neurocognitive and neuroimaging outcome over 12 months among patients diagnosed with vascular dementia (VaD). ⋯ The efficacy of long-term citicoline treatment for cognitive impairment and neuropathological decline in those patients already meeting criteria for VaD does not appear to be substantiated by the current study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Randomized controlled trial of different models of care for nursing home residents with dementia complicated by depression or psychosis.
To compare the outcomes of 3 interventions for the management of dementia complicated by depression or psychosis: psychogeriatric case management, general practitioners with specialist psychogeriatric consultation, and standard care for nursing home residents. ⋯ Participation in the study was associated with improvement in depression and psychosis, perhaps because of the presence of a psychogeriatric team, the increased attention focused on residents, or the generalization of active intervention techniques to control subjects. A formula-driven psychogeriatric team case management approach was not significantly more effective than a consultative approach or standard care. This study demonstrates the difficulties and feasibility of conducting service-oriented research in nursing homes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Patient populations in clinical studies of donepezil in vascular dementia.
There are difficulties in accurately defining patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and, therefore, little is known about the characteristics of this population. ⋯ The patients enrolled in these trials had probable or possible VaD; these patients exhibited a history of cerebrovascular disease and a broad range of comorbid cardiovascular conditions. The large number of patients enrolled will permit a thorough examination of the efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in VaD.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Dec 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDouble blind randomised placebo controlled trial of low dose melatonin for sleep disorders in dementia.
Disturbance of sleep is common in individuals with dementia where there may be reversal of the sleep-wake cycle. People with dementia of the Alzheimer's type have melatonin secretion rhythm disorders. There is some evidence that treatment with exogenous melatonin is an effective treatment for sleep disturbance associated with dementia. A randomised double blind placebo controlled cross over trial was undertaken to test the hypothesis that slow release exogenous melatonin 6 mg improves sleep for people with dementia. ⋯ Contrary to previous findings, we found no evidence that two weeks of exogenous melatonin is effective in improving sleep in people with dementia, although possible benefits of melatonin following longer periods of administration cannot be discounted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) study.
After the double-blind, placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial ended in February 1997, randomized patients were offered active study medication for a further period of observation. ⋯ The extended follow-up of Syst-Eur patients reinforces the evidence that blood pressure-lowering therapy initiated with a long-acting dihydropyridine protects against dementia in older patients with systolic hypertension.