Articles: brain-injuries.
-
Chinese medical journal · Jan 2025
ReviewBrain Injury Biomarkers and Applications in Neurological Diseases.
Neurological diseases are a major health concern, and brain injury is a typical pathological process in various neurological disorders. Different biomarkers in the blood or the cerebrospinal fluid are associated with specific physiological and pathological processes. ⋯ We aimed to summarize the applications of these biomarkers and their related interests and limits in the diagnosis and prognosis for neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and infection. In addition, a reasonable outlook for brain injury biomarkers as ideal detection tools for neurological diseases is presented.
-
In this article, we explore the current literature on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and evaluate the barriers to studying this vulnerable population. ⋯ Research on TBI and IPV is limited by multiple factors including mistrust of the healthcare system by survivors, lack of awareness by community advocates, and insufficient funding by public entities. As such, most investigations are small population, retrospective, and qualitative. Quantitative research addressing the scope of TBI in IPV found reported rates ranging from 19 to 100% of survivors experiencing neurological injury at the hands of a violent partner. The principals of trauma-informed healthcare should guide both neurological care for survivors as well as future studies on TBI and IPV, with an emphasis on community-based participatory research.
-
Journal of neurotrauma · Jan 2025
ReviewBehavioral and Cognitive Consequences of Spreading Depolarizations: A Translational Scoping Review.
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are self-propagating waves of mass depolarization that cause silencing of brain activity and have the potential to impact brain function and behavior. In the eight decades following their initial discovery in 1944, numerous publications have studied the cellular and molecular underpinning of SDs, but fewer have focused on the impact of SDs on behavior and cognition. ⋯ This study summarizes the known behavioral and cognitive consequences of SDs based on historical studies on awake animals, recent experimental paradigms, and modern clinical examples. This scoping review showcases our current understanding of the impact of SDs on cognition and behavior and highlights the need for continued research on the consequences of SDs.
-
Head elevation is recommended as a tier zero measure to decrease high intracranial pressure (ICP) in neurocritical patients. However, its quantitative effects on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjvO2), brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PbtO2), and arteriovenous difference of oxygen (AVDO2) are uncertain. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of head elevation on ICP, CPP, SjvO2, PbtO2, and AVDO2 among patients with acute brain injury. ⋯ Increasing degrees of head elevation were associated, in general, with a lower ICP, whereas CPP and brain oxygenation parameters remained unchanged. The severe traumatic brain injury subanalysis found similar results.
-
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) afflicts 69 million individuals annually, resulting in numerous neuropsychiatric sequelae. Here, we investigate the possible relation between TBI and depression. ⋯ Individuals suffering from TBI are almost twice as likely to develop depressive symptomology compared to non-TBI individuals.