Articles: brain-injuries.
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Traumatic brain injury management guidelines vary across regions and there is limited research on real-world adherence to these guidelines. We conducted a global survey to assess the adherence of neurosurgeons to traumatic brain injury guidelines and evidence-based medicine (EBM). ⋯ Neurosurgeons from Europe and North/Central and South America tend to follow EBM guidelines more closely, while those from Asia and Africa often favor individual decision-making approaches.
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Comparative Study
Headache after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a comparison between a post-acute sample of children and adolescents and general population.
Headache is one of the most common post-concussion symptoms following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). To better understand its impact on young individuals, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of headache in a German-speaking post-acute pediatric TBI sample and compare it with the general population. In addition, factors associated with the development of pediatric post-TBI headache are investigated to improve the understanding of this condition. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of headache in the post-acute phase of pediatric TBI is not significantly different from that in the matched non-TBI population, indicating good recovery from injury. However, due to its high prevalence, follow-up screening for this common TBI symptom, especially in adolescents, may be helpful to prevent further chronification.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces significant neuroinflammation, primarily driven by microglia. Neonatal microglia (NMG) may have therapeutic potential by modulating the inflammatory response of damaged adult microglia (AMG). This study investigates the influence of NMG on AMG function through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and the formation of tunneling nanotubes (TnTs), with a focus on the role of Serpina3n. ⋯ Inhibition of Serpina3n in NMG increased pro-inflammatory markers and decreased TnTs formation proteins, whereas overexpression of M-sec in AMG counteracted these effects. This highlights the importance of TnTs in maintaining microglial function and promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. In conclusion, NMG improve the function of damaged AMG by modulating ECM remodeling and promoting TnTs formation through the action of Serpina3n.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jan 2025
Dose-dependent association of hyperoxia and decreased favorable outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with traumatic brain injury, a retrospective cohort study.
In patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), adequate oxygenation is crucial to optimize survival and neurological outcome. However, supranormal oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) only leads to minor increase in cerebral oxygen delivery but can cause numerous pathophysiological disturbances. Therefore, we aimed to study effects of hyperoxia on patient outcome and identify optimum PaO2 ranges. ⋯ In this cohort, hyperoxia within 72 h after admission was dose-dependently associated with an unfavorable neurological outcome after 3-6 months.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jan 2025
Pre-injury narcotic drug use in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: effect on outcomes.
The aim of this study was to explore the association between pre-injury narcotic drug use (opioids, methadone, and/or oxycodone) and outcomes in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. ⋯ Pre-injury narcotic drug use in isolated severe TBI is not associates with adverse outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the biochemical and physiological effects of narcotic drugs on TBI outcomes.