• Elyza Kelly, EscamillaChristine OchoaCODepartment of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA., and Peter T Tsai.
• Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
• Neuroscience. 2021 May 10; 462: 274287274-287.

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders; however, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying disordered behavior in ASD remain poorly understood. Notably, individuals with ASD have demonstrated difficulties generating implicitly derived behavioral predictions and adaptations. Although many brain regions are involved in these processes, the cerebellum contributes an outsized role to these behavioral functions. Consistent with this prominent role, cerebellar dysfunction has been increasingly implicated in ASD. In this review, we will utilize the foundational, theoretical contributions of the late neuroscientist Masao Ito to establish an internal model framework for the cerebellar contribution to ASD-relevant behavioral predictions and adaptations. Additionally, we will also explore and then apply his key experimental contributions towards an improved, mechanistic understanding of the contribution of cerebellar dysfunction to ASD.Copyright © 2020 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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