• Dale E Dagenbach, Charles H Tegeler, Ashley R Morgan, Paul J Laurienti, Catherine L Tegeler, Sung W Lee, Lee Gerdes, and Sean L Simpson.
• Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC.
• J Neuroimaging. 2021 Mar 1; 31 (2): 287-296.

Background And PurposeBrain asymmetries are reported in posttraumatic stress disorder, but many aspects of laterality and traumatic stress remain underexplored. This study explores lateralization changes in resting state brain network functional connectivity in a cohort with symptoms of military-related traumatic stress, associated with use of a closed-loop neurotechnology, HIRREM.MethodsEighteen participants (17 males, mean age 41 years [SD = 7]) received 19.5 (1.1) HIRREM sessions over 12 days. Whole brain resting magnetic resonance imaging was done pre- and post-HIRREM. Laterality of functional connectivity was assessed on a whole brain basis, and in six predefined networks or regions. Laterality of connectivity within networks or regions was assessed separately from laterality of connections between networks or regions.ResultsBefore HIRREM, significant laterality effects of connection type (ipsilateral for either side, or contralateral in either direction) were observed for the whole brain, within networks or regions, and between networks or regions. Post-HIRREM, there were significant changes for within-network or within-region analysis in the motor network, and changes for between-network or between-region analyses for the salience network and the motor cortex.ConclusionsAmong military service members and Veterans with symptoms of traumatic stress, asymmetries of network and brain region connectivity patterns were identified prior to usage of HIRREM. A variety of changes in lateralized patterns of brain connectivity were identified postintervention. These laterality findings may inform future studies of brain connectivity in traumatic stress disorders, with potential to point to mechanisms of action for successful intervention.© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Neuroimaging published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society of Neuroimaging.

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