• Asokumar Buvanendran, Amanda C Sremac, Patricia A Merriman, Craig J Della Valle, John W Burns, and Robert J McCarthy.
• Anesthesiology, Rush Medical College of Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
• Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2021 Apr 1; 46 (4): 313-321.

IntroductionCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can reduce preoperative pain catastrophizing and may improve postsurgical pain outcomes. We hypothesized that CBT would reduce pain catastrophizing more than no-CBT controls and result in improved pain outcomes.MethodsThe study was a randomized controlled trial of patients undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty between January 2013 and March 2020. In phase 1, the change in pain catastrophizing scores (PCS) among 4-week or 8-week telehealth, 4-week in person and no-CBT sessions was compared in 80 patients with a PCS >16. In phase 2, the proportion of subjects that achieved a 3-month decrease in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) pain subscale >4 following 4-week telehealth CBT with no-CBT controls were compared in 80 subjects.ResultsIn phase 1, 4-week telehealth CBT had the highest completion rate 17/20 (85%), demonstrated an adjusted median reduction in PCS of -9 (95% CI -1 to -14, p<0.01) compared with no-CBT and was non-inferior to 8-week telehealth CBT at a margin of 2 (p=0.02). In phase 2, 29 of 35 (83%) in the 4-week telehealth CBT and 26 of 33 (79%) subjects in the no-CBT demonstrated a decrease in the WOMAC pain subscale >4 at 3 months, difference 4% (95% CI -18% to 26%, p=0.48), despite a median decrease in the PCS for the 4-week CBT and no-CBT group of -6 (-10 to -2, p=0.02).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that CBT interventions delivered prior to surgery in person or via telehealth can reduced PCS scores; however, this reduction did not lead to improved 3-month pain outcomes.Trial Registration NumberClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01772329, registration date 21 January 2013).© American Society of Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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