• Yoon-Hee Choo, Youngbeom Seo, and Joonhyuk Choi.
• Department of Neurosurgery.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 16; 100 (15): e25586e25586.

RationaleAlthough renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the common origins of brain metastasis, few cases of extremely delayed brain metastasis from RCC, more than 10 years after nephrectomy, have been reported. We present a rare case of extremely delayed brain metastasis from RCC, also performed a literature review to increase knowledge of the characteristics for extremely delayed brain metastasis from RCC.Patient ConcernsA 72-year-old man presented with right-sided hemiplegia and dysarthria. The patient had a history of radical nephrectomy for RCC with stage T1N0M0 15 years earlier.DiagnosisMagnetic resonance imaging with contrast revealed a 2-cm sized non-homogenous enhanced mass in the left frontal lobe with peritumoral edema. The pathological examination after surgery reported metastatic clear cell RCC.InterventionsA craniotomy for removal of the mass was performed at the time of diagnosis. Stereotactic radiosurgery was performed for the tumor bed 3 weeks after craniotomy, and then, chemotherapy was started 2 months after the SRS.OutcomesMetastasis progressed to multiple organs 6 months after the craniotomy. The patient chose a hospice and no longer visited the hospital.LessonsIn cases with a history of nephrectomy for RCC, long period follow-up is necessary for monitoring RCC brain metastasis and pathologic diagnosis should be confirmed.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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