• Nicola R Swain, Carmen C W Lim, Daphna Levinson, Fabian Fiestas, Giovanni de Girolamo, Jacek Moskalewicz, Jean-Pierre Lepine, Jose Posada-Villa, Josep Maria Haro, María Elena Medina-Mora, Miguel Xavier, Noboru Iwata, Peter de Jonge, Ronny Bruffaerts, Siobhan O'Neill, Ron C Kessler, and Kate M Scott.
• Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: Nicola.swain@otago.ac.nz.
• J Psychosom Res. 2015 Aug 1; 79 (2): 130-6.

ObjectivesTo examine the associations between a wide range of mental disorders and subsequent onset of stroke. Lifecourse timing of stroke was examined using retrospectively reconstructed data from cross-sectional surveys.MethodsData from the World Mental Health Surveys were accessed. This data was collected from general population surveys over 17 countries of 87,250 adults. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview retrospectively assessed lifetime prevalence and age at onset of DSM-IV mental disorders. A weighted subsample (n=45,288), was used for analysis in the present study. Survival analyses estimated associations between first onset of mental disorders and subsequent stroke onset.ResultsBivariate models showed that 12/16 mental disorders were associated with subsequent stroke onset (ORs ranging from 1.6 to 3.8). However, after adjustment for mental disorder comorbidity and smoking, only significant relationships between depression and stroke (OR 1.3) and alcohol abuse and stroke (OR 1.5) remained. Among females, having a bipolar disorder was also associated with increased stroke incidence (OR 2.1). Increasing number of mental disorders was associated with stroke onset in a dose-response fashion (OR 3.3 for 5+ disorders).ConclusionsDepression and alcohol abuse may have specific associations with incidence of non-fatal stroke. General severity of psychopathology may be a more important predictor of non-fatal stroke onset. Mental health treatment should be considered as part of stroke risk prevention. Limitations of retrospectively gathered cross sectional surveys design mean further research on the links between mental health and stroke incidence is warranted.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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