• World Neurosurg · Sep 2021

    Modulation of Salubrinal-mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model.

    • Nilgun Senol, Ali Serdar Oguzoglu, Yalcin Erzurumlu, Halil Ascı, Mehtap Savran, Kanat Gulle, Ilter Ilhan, Mustafa Sadef, Nursel Hasseyid, and Hakan Murat Goksel.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: drnilgunsenol@yahoo.com.
    • World Neurosurg. 2021 Sep 1; 153: e488-e496.

    BackgroundPerfusion abnormalities due to vasospasm remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Despite a large number of clinical trials, therapeutic options with strong evidence for prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm are rare. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of salubrinal (SLB) in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis, a catastrophic consequence of vasospasm.MethodsThirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each: control group, SAH, SAH+SLB, and SAH+nimodipine (NMN). In the SAH+SLB group, intraperitoneal SLB (1 mg/kg dose) administered 30 minutes after establishment of SAH, and in the SAH+NMN group, intraperitoneal NMN (0.1 mg/kg dose) was also administered 30 minutes after SAH.ResultsHigher total antioxidant status level, lower oxidative stress index, and significantly higher vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) level were detected in the SAH+SLB and SAH+NMN groups compared with the SAH group. There was a significant increase in eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 alpha (elF2α) level in the SAH+SLB group compared with the SAH group. Histopathological evaluation revealed decrease in the subarachnoid hemorrhagic area, as well as in cortical edema and apoptotic bodies in the SAH+SLB and SAH+NMN groups. There was a significant decrease in caspase-3 staining in the SAH+SLB group, and the levels were significantly less in the SAH+NMN group than the SAH and SAH+SLB groups.ConclusionsSLB, selective inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation, and NMN, a calcium channel blocker, can ameliorate SAH-induced damage. Inhibition of eIF2α dephosphorylation and enhanced VEGF-A production with SLB may protect brain tissue from apoptosis.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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