• Young-Ho Roh, Jae Chul Lee, Hyung-Ki Cho, Hae-Dong Jang, Sung-Woo Choi, and Byung-Joon Shin.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea.
• World Neurosurg. 2022 Feb 1; 158: e557-e565.

ObjectiveTo compare the results of interbody fusion in patients undergoing minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) using demineralized bone matrix (DBM) alone versus DBM+recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2).MethodsThis retrospective case-controlled study was conducted in patients undergoing minimally invasive LLIF (n = 54) for lumbar interbody fusion; they were divided into 2 groups: DBM-only group and DMB+rhBMP2 group. The improvements of segmental and lumbar lordosis and restoration of disc height were measured, and the interbody fusion rates were determined using a modified Bridwell grading system. Clinical outcomes after surgery, such as visual analog scale scores of back pain and leg pain, and Oswestry disability index were compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in disc height, lumbar and segmental lordosis, or interbody fusion rate between the 2 groups. However, the proportion of Bridwell grade 1 as complete interbody bridging was higher in the DBM+rhBMP2 group than in the DBM-only group at both 6 and 12 months (P < 0.001). Clinical parameters showed equally significant improvement during follow-up in both groups, with no significant differences between the groups.ConclusionIn minimally invasive LLIF, adding Escherichia coli-derived rhBMP2 to DBM did not affect clinical outcomes or radiation parameters, but increased the speed of fusion and interbody bony bridging rate.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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