• Stephen E Roberts, John G Williams, David Yeates, and Michael J Goldacre.
• School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP. stephen.e.roberts@swansea.ac.uk
• BMJ. 2007 Nov 17; 335 (7628): 1033.

ObjectiveTo compare mortality outcomes in the three years after elective colectomy, no colectomy, and emergency colectomy among people admitted to hospital for inflammatory bowel disease, to inform whether the threshold for elective colectomy in clinical practice is appropriate.DesignRecord linkage studies.SettingOxford region (1968-99) and England (1998-2003).Participants23,464 people with hospital stay for more than three days for inflammatory bowel disease, including 5480 who had colectomy.Main Outcome MeasuresCase fatality, relative survival, and standardised mortality ratios.ResultsIn the Oxford region, three year mortality was lower after elective colectomy than after either no colectomy or emergency colectomy, although this was not significant. For England, mortality three years after elective colectomy for ulcerative colitis (3.7%) and Crohn's disease (3.3%) was significantly lower than that after either admission without colectomy (13.6% and 10.1%; both P<0.001) or emergency colectomy (13.2% and 9.9%; P<0.001 for colitis and P<0.01 for Crohn's disease). Three or more months after elective colectomy, mortality was similar to that in the general population. Adjustment for comorbidity did not affect the findings.ConclusionsIn England, the clinical threshold for elective colectomy in people with inflammatory bowel disease may be too high. Further research is now required to establish the threshold criteria and optimal timing of elective surgery for people with poorly controlled inflammatory bowel disease.

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