• Hyeonseok Noh, Wongyu Lee, Dongjun Yang, and Je Hyeok Oh.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Apr 1; 54: 65-70.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of resuscitation guideline terminology on pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance.MethodsThis was a prospective randomised crossover simulation trial. A total of 32 medical doctors conducted 2-min single-rescuer CPR using the one-handed chest compression technique (OHCC) or two-handed chest compression technique (THCC) on a pediatric manikin. The participants conducted chest compressions according to the chest compression depth (CCD) target of '5 cm (Test 1)' or 'at least one third of the anterior-posterior dimension of the chest (Test 2)' in a random order.ResultsIn both techniques (OHCC or THCC), the average CCD of Test 1 were significantly lower than those of Test 2 (OHCC: 50.0 mm [46.0-52.0 mm] in Test 1 vs. 52.0 mm [50.3-55.0 mm] in Test 2, P = 0.001; THCC: 52.0 mm [50.3-55.0 mm] in Test 1 vs. 58.0 mm [54.0-62.0 mm] in Test 2, P < 0.001). The adequacy of the chest compressions was also superior in Test 2 (OHCC: 63.0% [7.5-95.8%] in Test 1 vs. 96.5% [78.8-99.9%] in Test 2, P < 0.001; THCC: 96.5% [78.8-99.9%] in Test 1 vs. 100.0% [100.0-100.0%] in Test 2, P < 0.001). Ventilation parameters were not significantly different between Tests 1 and 2.ConclusionsAverage CCD during simulated pediatric CPR according to the CCD target of '5 cm' was significantly lower than those according to the CCD target of 'at least one third of the anterior-posterior dimension of the chest'.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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