• Michael Chapek, Adam Kessler, Selina Poon, Robert Cho, Cynthia Nguyen, and Jeffrey Kessler.
• Kaiser Permanente Bernard J Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
• Spine. 2023 Jun 15; 48 (12): E188E195E188-E195.

Study DesignRetrospective matched cohort study.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether females with idiopathic scoliosis (IS), both with and without spine fusion, experience different rates of cesarean section (CS) and epidural anesthesia (EA) than females without scoliosis.Summary Of Background DataIS is a common spine condition with a higher prevalence in females. It is unclear whether females with scoliosis, treated nonoperatively or operatively, have different rates of cesarean delivery or EA.Materials And MethodsPatients with IS who delivered in our integrated health care system during a 6-year period were identified (N = 1810). They were matched with a group without scoliosis who delivered during the same period (N = 1810). Rates and relative risk (RR) of CS and EA between cohorts and subgroups were calculated.ResultsThe scoliosis cohort had significantly higher rates and RR of EA ( P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively). Scoliosis patients treated nonoperatively had an 8% greater RR of EA ( P = 0.004) and had a significantly lower rate of CS (23.2% vs . 26%, P = 0.048) compared with the control group. Among only scoliosis patients, those treated with spine fusion had a 38% decreased RR of EA ( P < 0.001). Distal fusion level did not seem to influence the RR of EA or CS.ConclusionsFemales with scoliosis were significantly more likely to receive EA at delivery compared with females without scoliosis. Rates and RR of cesarean delivery were not significantly lower among women with scoliosis, but females treated nonoperatively for scoliosis had a significantly lower CS rate than those without scoliosis. Females treated with spine fusion for scoliosis were far less likely to receive EA than both females without scoliosis and females with scoliosis treated nonoperatively.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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