• Hitoshi Hara, Seito Shimizu, Yasuhide Muto, Tomoki Kido, and Ryohei Miyata.
• Department of Surgery, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation Inc., Saiseikai Kazo Hospital, Kazo, Saitama, Japan.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Nov 24; 102 (47): e36277e36277.

IntroductionThis case report describes a patient who underwent laparoscopic resection of the mucocele of the appendix secondary to endometriosis, a rarity in clinical practice.Patient ConcernsThe patient was a 38-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis and an ovarian cyst who sought medical advice with a chief complaint of mild right lower abdominal pain.DiagnosesComputed tomography and ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed a cystic lesion at the distal end of the appendix without definitive findings of malignancy. Colonoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor-like elevation at the appendiceal orifice. Appendiceal mucocele was suspected preoperatively.InterventionsThe lesion was resected laparoscopically. Secondary ileocecal resection with lymphadenectomy was possible if the resected specimen was pathologically diagnosed as a malignant tumor with the risk of lymph node metastasis.OutcomesThe resected specimen was pathologically diagnosed as an appendiceal mucocele secondary to endometriosis; therefore, additional surgery was avoided.ConclusionAlthough appendiceal mucoceles secondary to endometriosis are rare, laparoscopic surgery in which only the lesion was resected is a useful strategy for the treatment and pathological diagnosis of appendiceal mucoceles without findings of malignancy.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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