• Joseph M Neal, Richard Brull, Vincent W S Chan, Stuart A Grant, Jean-Louis Horn, Spencer S Liu, Colin J L McCartney, Samer N Narouze, Anahi Perlas, Francis V Salinas, Brian D Sites, and Ban Chi-ho Tsui.
• Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. anejmn@vmmc.org
• Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010 Mar 1;35(2 Suppl):S1-9.

ObjectivesThe American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine charged an expert panel to examine the evidence basis for ultrasound guidance as a nerve localization tool in the clinical practices of regional anesthesia and interventional pain medicine.MethodsThe panel searched, examined, and assessed the literature of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) from the past 20 years. The qualities of studies were graded using the Jadad score. Strength of evidence and recommendations were graded using an accepted rating tool.ResultsThe panel made specific literature-based assessments concerning the relative advantages and limitations of UGRA relative to traditional nerve localization methods as they pertained to block characteristics and complications. Assessments and recommendations were made for upper and lower extremity, neuraxial, and truncal blocks and include pediatrics and interventional pain medicine.ConclusionsUltrasound guidance improves block characteristics (particularly performance time and surrogate measures of success) that are often block specific and that may impart an efficiency advantage depending on individual practitioner circumstances. Evidence for UGRA impacting patient safety is currently limited to the demonstration of improvements in the frequency of surrogate events for serious complications.

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