• Miłosz Rozynek, Zbisław Tabor, Stanisław Kłęk, and Wadim Wojciechowski.
• Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
• Nutrition. 2024 Apr 1; 120: 112336112336.

ObjectivesThis study combined two novel approaches in oncology patient outcome predictions-body composition and radiomic features analysis. The aim of this study was to validate whether automatically extracted muscle and adipose tissue radiomic features could be used as a predictor of survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.MethodsThe study included 178 patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy. Abdominal imaging was conducted as a part of whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography performed before therapy. Methods used included automated assessment of the volume of interest using densely connected convolutional network classification model - DenseNet121, automated muscle and adipose tissue segmentation using U-net architecture implemented in nnUnet framework, and radiomic features extraction. Acquired body composition radiomic features and clinical data were used for overall and 1-y survival prediction using machine learning classification algorithms.ResultsThe volume of interest detection model achieved the following metric scores: 0.98 accuracy, 0.89 precision, 0.96 recall, and 0.92 F1 score. Automated segmentation achieved a median dice coefficient >0.99 in all segmented regions. We extracted 330 body composition radiomic features for every patient. For overall survival prediction using clinical and radiomic data, the best-performing feature selection and prediction method achieved areas under the curve-receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) of 0.73 (P < 0.05); for 1-y survival prediction AUC-ROC was 0.74 (P < 0.05).ConclusionAutomatically extracted muscle and adipose tissue radiomic features could be used as a predictor of survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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