• Liangliang Wang, Dan Cheng, Huaying Wang, Lin Cheng, and Xiaorong Zhang.
• Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Feb 23; 103 (8): e37163e37163.

IntroductionMucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is an extremely rare primary breast tumor. Between 1979 and June 2022, only 50 cases were reported. The pathological morphology and biological behavior of breast MEC remain poorly understood.Patient ConcernsA 47-year-old female was presented with a 10-day-old left breast mass detected by physical examination.DiagnosesUltrasonography could not distinguish whether the breast tumor was benign or malignant. After a biopsy of a breast tumor excision specimen, combined with immunohistochemical results, the patient was diagnosed with high-grade mucoepidermoid breast carcinoma.InterventionsThe patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy for her left breast.OutcomesThe patient was still free from local recurrence or metastases at 1-year follow-up.ConclusionA high-grade MEC case without MAML2 rearrangement shows good recovery without complications. The diagnosis was confirmed by histomorphology and immunohistochemical markers. It is sometimes necessary to distinguish it from adenosquamous, adenoid cystic, or mucinous carcinoma. The primary treatment is surgical resection, and the prognosis is closely related to the pathological grade.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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