• Dong Hwa Heo, Sung Min Cho, Yong Jun Cho, Jun Hyeung Cho, and Seung Hun Sheen.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Chunchon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chunchon-shi, Kangwon-do, South Korea. youmans@empal.com
• World Neurosurg. 2010 Mar 1;73(3):207-9; discussion e35.

BackgroundRecently, calcium phosphate (CaP) cement, instead of polymethylmethacrylate, has been injected into the compressed vertebral body. Calcium phosphate may have the potential for ectopic or heterotopic ossification and, thus, injected CaP cement can induce unwanted heterotopic ossifications in the human body.Case DescriptionThe authors describe 2 cases of heterotopic ossifications after vertebroplasty using CaP in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. We performed percutaneous vertebroplasty using CaP cement in a 69-year-old woman with L2 compression fracture and an 80-year-old man with L1 compression fracture. Follow-up radiologic studies for both cases showed that heterotopic ossifications had developed around the CaP-augmented vertebral bodies and that the cemented vertebral bodies had recollapsed. Also, subsequent vertebral compression fractures had occurred.ConclusionsWe suggest that heterotopic ossification may be complications of vertebroplasty with CaP. Therefore, we strongly recommended that the patients who undergo a vertebroplasty with CaP need strict observation.Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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