• Varun Puvanesarajah, Amit Jain, Adam L Shimer, Francis H Shen, and Hamid Hassanzadeh.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
• Spine. 2016 Sep 1; 41 (17): E1063-E1068.

Study DesignA retrospective database review.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare complication rates following one to two-level lumbar spine surgery in patients with primary hypercoagulable states and coagulopathies.Summary Of Background DataBoth hypercoagulable states and coagulopathies are not uncommon conditions that have the potential to significantly alter perioperative patient management. However, there are few studies that document the added risk of medical complications following spine surgery in these patient populations.MethodsThe PearlDiver database (2005-2012) was utilized to determine perioperative complication rates in patients with primary hypercoagulable states and coagulopathies who underwent primary one to two-level posterolateral lumbar spine fusion. Control cohorts without specific hematologic disorders were matched by demographics and comorbidities. Ninety-day complication rates were determined, along with revision rates at one and two years. When considering complication rate comparisons between matched cohorts, P < 0.005 was considered significant.ResultsIn total, 746 patients with coagulopathies and 2753 patients with primary hypercoagulable states were selected. Matched control cohorts contained 74,879 and 54,007 patients, respectively. Hypercoagulable patients had significantly increased rates of medical complications [odds ratio (OR) 1.4], infections (OR 1.6), and venous thromboembolisms (OR 9.0) during the three months following spine surgery and same-day transfusions (OR 1.2) when compared with matched controls (P < 0.001). Patients with von Willebrand disease or hemophilia had increased rates of three-month infections (OR 2.3) and transfusion (OR 2.0) when compared with a matched control group (P < 0.005). One- and two-year revisions rates were not significantly higher for either pathologic cohort when compared to matched controls.ConclusionBoth primary hypercoagulable states and coagulopathies increase infection and transfusion rates following one to two-level lumbar spine surgery.Level Of Evidence3.

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