• Lisette Schoonhoven, Jeen R E Haalboom, Mente T Bousema, Ale Algra, Diederick E Grobbee, Maria H Grypdonck, Erik Buskens, and prePURSE study group. The prevention and pressure ulcer risk score evaluation study.
• Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, Netherlands. L.Schoonhoven@jc.azu.nl
• BMJ. 2002 Oct 12; 325 (7368): 797.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether risk assessment scales can be used to identify patients who are likely to get pressure ulcers.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTwo large hospitals in the Netherlands.Participants1229 patients admitted to the surgical, internal, neurological, or geriatric wards between January 1999 and June 2000.Main Outcome MeasureOccurrence of a pressure ulcer of grade 2 or worse while in hospital.Results135 patients developed pressure ulcers during four weeks after admission. The weekly incidence of patients with pressure ulcers was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 5.2% to 7.2%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.56 (0.51 to 0.61) for the Norton scale, 0.55 (0.49 to 0.60) for the Braden scale, and 0.61 (0.56 to 0.66) for the Waterlow scale; the areas for the subpopulation, excluding patients who received preventive measures without developing pressure ulcers and excluding surgical patients, were 0.71 (0.65 to 0.77), 0.71 (0.64 to 0.78), and 0.68 (0.61 to 0.74), respectively. In this subpopulation, using the recommended cut-off points, the positive predictive value was 7.0% for the Norton, 7.8% for the Braden, and 5.3% for the Waterlow scale.ConclusionAlthough risk assessment scales predict the occurrence of pressure ulcers to some extent, routine use of these scales leads to inefficient use of preventive measures. An accurate risk assessment scale based on prospectively gathered data should be developed.

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