• V V Trubachev, A V Gorbunov, V S Trubacheva, M S Nemtseva, and M S Ogorodnikova.
• Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 2015 Feb 1; 101 (2): 238-48.

AbstractThe aims of the work were the study of cardiorespiratory coupling by method of paced breathing and the analysis of heart rate variability in men. Heart rhythm of 14 athletes and 12 non-athletes, 21 ± 1.4 years old, was registered in 3 minute sessions during spontaneous and paced breathing 14, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 times/minute. The subjects were following breathing rate from a display. Initial heart rate being more slow in athletes (p < 0.05) was retained during episodes of controlled breathing. The power of FFT spectra peaks of RR-intervals was growing quasilinearly during reduction of breathing rate, reaching its peak value at 5-4 breaths/minute in athletes. More pronounced modulations of RR intervals were observed in HF spectral band (p < 0.05) of athletes breathing 14-10 times/minute compared to non-athletes. The power of LF band of the spectrum in athletes breathing 8-4 times/minute was 2 times higher: variability of RR-intervals "shrinked" accordingly to paced breathing rate. The dominant role in slow oscillations of heart rate manifested by paced respirations with involvement of vagus baroreflex afferentations of lungs and chest is hypothesized to be the consequence of breathing under attentional control.

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