• A Paul, J N Clark, I E Salama, B J Jenkins, N Goodwin, A R Wilkes, P F Mahoney, and J E Hall.
• School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
• Anaesthesia. 2017 Jan 1; 72 (1): 63-72.

AbstractHere, we describe proof of concept of a novel method for delivering volatile anaesthetics, where the liquid anaesthetic (sevoflurane or isoflurane) is formulated into an emulsion that is contained in a compact, lightweight device through which carrier gas flows. Release of anaesthetic is achieved by stirring of the formulation, allowing controlled and responsive release of anaesthetic at a variety of fixed flow rates between 0.5 l.min(-1) and 5 l.min(-1) , with ventilated, non-ventilated and draw-over breathing systems. Anaesthetic release was evaluated using target anaesthetic concentrations ranging from 0.5% v/v to 8% v/v to mimic those typically required for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, and lower concentrations suitable for sedation. Under all conditions, output could be maintained within 0.1% v/v of the intended setting, and the device could deliver a controlled level of anaesthetic for at least 60 min, with compensation for different ambient temperatures (10-30 °C) and carrier gas flow rates. This device offers a simple, inexpensive method of delivering safe concentrations of volatile anaesthetics for a wide range of applications.© 2016 The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland.

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