• Lei Jin, Jin-Song Wu, Gong-Bai Chen, and Liang-Fu Zhou.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
• World Neurosurg. 2017 Jun 1; 102: 623-631.

BackgroundAcupuncture anesthesia originated from the pain relief and pain prevention theory in acupuncture and moxibustion. This technique is a new exploration of anesthesiology and an original achievement of China, representing a landmark combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine.ObjectivesThe aim of this historical vignette to introduce acupuncture anesthesia with its meaningful history, especially the use in neurosurgery to the public.DesignThis historical vignette introduced the development, mechanism research, awake craniotomy, in order to analyze the utility of acupuncture anesthesia, its global impact, the current situation and future of acupuncture anesthesia.ConclusionAcupuncture anesthesia was initiated in 1958, and, reflecting the historical background of China after the 1960s, the use of this technique spread widely throughout the country. Reaching other countries after 1971, acupuncture anesthesia had a significant influence, drawing attention from medical academia worldwide. Thus, acupuncture anesthesia has made a special contribution to the medical science of modern China.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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