• Mathias Hård Af Segerstad, Fredrik Olsen, Arun Patel, Erik Houltz, Bengt Nellgård, and Sven-Erik Ricksten.
• Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2019 Mar 1; 63 (3): 298-305.

BackgroundBone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is a feared complication in orthopaedic surgery with a huge impact on post-operative morbidity. In this randomized trial, we evaluated the effects of bone cement on pulmonary and systemic haemodynamics in patients receiving either cemented or uncemented hip arthroplasty for isolated femoral neck fracture.MethodsTwenty-two patients were randomized to receive either cemented (n = 10) or uncemented (n = 12) total hip arthroplasty. Surgery was performed under total intravenous anaesthesia in the lateral position. All patients were catheterized with radial- and pulmonary artery catheters, for continuous measurements of mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), cardiac output, right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) and RV ejection fraction (RVEF). Haemodynamic measurements and blood gas analyses were performed after induction of anaesthesia, during surgery before and immediately after bone cementation and prosthesis insertion, 10 and 20 minutes after insertion and during skin closure.ResultsPulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) increased during and after prosthesis insertion by 45% and 20% in the cemented and uncemented group, respectively (P < 0.005). Systolic and mean PAP increased by 18% and 17% in the cemented group, which was not seen in the uncemented group (P < 0.001). There was a trend for a more pronounced fall in RVEF in the cemented group, while there were no differences in cardiac output or stroke volume between groups.ConclusionThe use of bone cement in total hip arthroplasty increases pulmonary vascular resistance and the afterload of the RV with potentially negative effects on RV performance.© 2018 The Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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