• J Neuroimaging · Apr 2013

    Case Reports

    Selective cerebellar and basal ganglia injury in neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

    • Jennifer L Lyons and Adam B Cohen.
    • Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. jlyons5@partners.org
    • J Neuroimaging. 2013 Apr 1;23(2):240-1.

    Background And PurposeHigh core body temperatures have been shown to selectively damage the cerebellum and basal ganglia in malignant hyperthermia, but involvement of both areas in neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) has not been described.MethodsHere, we report a case of acute cerebellar and basal ganglia injury by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the setting of NMS. We discuss the pathophysiology, both of NMS and hyperthermic brain injury.ResultsMRI showed new restricted diffusion in cerebellar hemispheres bilaterally and right basal ganglia when compared with brain MRI obtained 1 month prior. T2 FLAIR hyperintensities corresponding to diffusion restriction were also seen in the cerebellum.ConclusionsBoth the basal ganglia and cerebellum can be injured selectively in NMS.Copyright © 2011 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.

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