• Martin Dyrba, Frederik Barkhof, Andreas Fellgiebel, Massimo Filippi, Lucrezia Hausner, Karlheinz Hauenstein, Thomas Kirste, Stefan J Teipel, and EDSD study group.
• German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany.
• J Neuroimaging. 2015 Sep 1; 25 (5): 738-47.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) patients show early changes in white matter (WM) structural integrity. We studied the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in assessing WM alterations in the predementia stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsWe applied a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to DTI and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging data from 35 amyloid-β42 negative MCI subjects (MCI-Aβ42-), 35 positive MCI subjects (MCI-Aβ42+), and 25 healthy controls (HC) retrieved from the European DTI Study on Dementia. The SVM was applied to DTI-derived fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), and mode of anisotropy (MO) maps. For comparison, we studied classification based on gray matter (GM) and WM volume.ResultsWe obtained accuracies of up to 68% for MO and 63% for GM volume when it came to distinguishing between MCI-Aβ42- and MCI-Aβ42+. When it came to separating MCI-Aβ42+ from HC we achieved an accuracy of up to 77% for MD and a significantly lower accuracy of 68% for GM volume. The accuracy of multimodal classification was not higher than the accuracy of the best single modality.ConclusionsOur results suggest that DTI data provide better prediction accuracy than GM volume in predementia AD.Copyright © 2015 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.

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