Clinical physiology and functional imaging
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Clin Physiol Funct Imaging · Sep 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of brief daily resistance training on rapid force development in painful neck and shoulder muscles: randomized controlled trial.
To determine the effect of small daily amounts of progressive resistance training on rapid force development of painful neck/shoulder muscles. ⋯ Small daily amounts of progressive resistance training in adults with frequent neck/shoulder pain increases rapid force development and, to a less extent, maximal force capacity.
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Clin Physiol Funct Imaging · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of oxygen supplementation on cerebral oxygenation during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients not entitled to long-term oxygen therapy.
The rate of change (Δ) in cerebral oxygenation (COx) during exercise is influenced by blood flow and arterial O(2) content (CaO(2)). It is currently unclear whether ΔCOx would (i) be impaired during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who do not fulfil the current criteria for long-term O(2) therapy but present with exercise-induced hypoxaemia and (ii) improve with hyperoxia (FIO(2) = 0·4) in this specific sub-population. ⋯ ΔCOx was impaired in non-hypoxaemic patients with COPD who desaturated during exercise. Hyperoxic breathing was able to correct for these abnormalities, an effect related to enhanced CaO(2) rather than improved central haemodynamics. This indicates that O(2) supplementation ameliorates exercise COx in patients with COPD who are not currently entitled to ambulatory O(2) therapy.
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Clin Physiol Funct Imaging · Nov 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialTRPV1 and TRPA1 stimulation induces MUC5B secretion in the human nasal airway in vivo.
Nasal transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) stimulation with capsaicin produces serous and mucinous secretion in the human nasal airway. The primary aim of this study was to examine topical effects of various TRP ion channel agonists on symptoms and secretion of specific mucins: mucin 5 subtype AC (MUC5AC) and B (MUC5B). ⋯ Agonists of TRPV1 and TRPA1 induced MUC5B release in the human nasal airways in vivo. These findings may be of relevance with regard to the regulation of mucin production under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Clin Physiol Funct Imaging · Nov 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of phenylephrine on arterial and venous cerebral blood flow in healthy subjects.
Sympathetic regulation of the cerebral circulation remains controversial. Although intravenous phenylephrine (PE) infusion reduces the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-determined measure of frontal lobe oxygenation (S(c) O(2) ) and increases middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCA V(mean) ), suggesting α-adrenergic-mediated cerebral vasoconstriction, this remains unconfirmed by evaluation of arterial and venous cerebral blood flow. ⋯ These findings confirm that PE induces a reduction in S(c) O(2) measured by NIRS and causes an increase in MCA V(mean) indicative of cerebral arterial vasoconstriction, although ICA was preserved and IJV increased. These results suggest that a decrease in S(c) O(2) during infusion of PE reflects an altered cerebral contribution of arterial versus venous blood to the NIRS signal, although we cannot rule out that an effect of PE on skin blood flow is important.
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Clin Physiol Funct Imaging · Sep 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyConventional versus acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on cold-induced pain in healthy human participants: effects during stimulation.
To compare the hypoalgesic effects of conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) (high frequency, low intensity) and acupuncture-like TENS (AL-TENS, low frequency, high intensity) on cold-induced pain. ⋯ Unlike some previous studies, the present study detected no differences in hypoalgesia between AL-TENS, conventional TENS and placebo (no current) TENS during stimulation.