Influenza and other respiratory viruses
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · May 2013
Comparative StudyIncreased symptom severity but unchanged neuraminidase inhibitor effectiveness for A(H1N1)pdm09 in the 2010-2011 season: comparison with the previous season and with seasonal A(H3N2) and B.
No studies of the clinical symptoms before starting therapy or of the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) have been carried out of the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons that compare A(H1N1)pdm09 or the three circulating types of influenza virus. ⋯ Although the clinical symptoms of A(H1N1)pdm09 were slightly more severe in the 2010-2011 season, the effectiveness of the NAIs remained high in comparison with 2009-2010 and with other types of seasonal influenza.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · May 2013
Influenza A H1N1 induces declines in alveolar gas exchange in mice consistent with rapid post-infection progression from acute lung injury to ARDS.
Patients with severe seasonal or pandemic influenza pneumonia frequently develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). One clinical diagnostic criterion for ARDS is the P(a)O(2):F(i)O(2) ratio, which is an index of alveolar gas exchange. However, effects of H1N1 influenza infection on P(a)O(2):F(i)O(2) ratios and related pathophysiologic readouts of lung function have not been reported in mice. ⋯ Influenza infection of mice results in impairment of alveolar gas exchange consistent with rapid development of acute lung injury and progression to ARDS. P(a)O(2):F(i)O(2) ratios may be of utility as clinically relevant and predictive outcome measures in influenza pathogenesis and treatment studies that use mouse models.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · May 2013
Immunogenicity of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine and the associated factors on lowered immune response in patients with hepatitis C.
Patients with underlying disease represent a high-risk group for influenza-associated complications and hospitalization. However, few studies investigated the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in patients with liver disease. ⋯ Single dose of A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine achieved a sufficient level of immunity among patients with chronic hepatitis C. Antibody response may be affected by age, body mass index, Stronger Neo-Minophagen C administration, and recent seasonal influenza vaccination.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Mar 2013
Increased reactions to pediatric influenza vaccination following concomitant pneumococcal vaccination.
Influenza in children causes significant morbidity and hospitalizations and also some mortality particularly in children < 5 years of age. Influenza vaccination in children has been shown to be safe and effective, but in 2010 the pediatric influenza vaccination program was suspended in Western Australia after the rate of febrile convulsions observed (9/1000 doses) was 55 times the previously reported rate. In 2009, over 80% of all children in New Brunswick were vaccinated with an adjuvanted monovalent H1N1 vaccine shown to have very high effectiveness, raising the prospect of potential hyper-responsiveness because of residual protection. We conducted enhanced post-marketing surveillance to monitor local and general reactions. ⋯ Influenza vaccines in children are safe, and this study provides a baseline for rapid assessment studies at the start of a vaccine season. Parents should be aware of increased fevers with concurrent vaccine administration, and antipyretics should be considered.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Mar 2013
Multicenter StudyRisk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community.
The role of different risk exposures and preventive measures against influenza has not been well established. ⋯ The home environment appears to play an important role in the spread of influenza in adults, but not the use of public transport. Health care workers have a higher risk of contracting influenza. Vaccination was the most effective preventive measure.