Influenza and other respiratory viruses
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Nov 2011
Pandemic H1N1 influenza-associated hospitalizations in children in Madrid, Spain.
To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children hospitalized with 2009 pandemic influenza (pH1N1) in Madrid, Spain. ⋯ Children with underlying medical conditions experienced more severe pH1N1 disease. Risk factors for admission to the PICU included underlying neurological conditions, immunosuppression and abnormal initial chest X-ray.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Jul 2011
Clinical features, complications and mortality in critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Sfax,Tunisia.
Africa, as the rest of the world, was touched by the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1). In the literature, a few publications covering this subject emerged from this continent. We prospectively describe baseline characteristics, treatment and outcomes of consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Sfax hospital. ⋯ Critical illness from the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Sfax occurred in young individuals and was associated with severe acute respiratory and additional organ system failure. SAPS II and SOFA scores at ICU admission, and also during evolution, constitute a good predictor of death.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Jul 2011
Clinical epidemiology comparison of H1N1 RT-PCR-positive and RT-PCR-negative pneumonia during the 2009-2010 pandemic in Mansoura University hospitals, Egypt.
Worldwide, the infectivity and disease burden of the H1N1 pandemic were overestimated because of limited clinical experience concerning patient presentation and outcome of those infected with the novel H1N1 virus. ⋯ Sore throat, dyspnea, and presence of GIT complaints increase the suspicion of H1N1 positivity in pneumonia acquired during an H1N1 pandemic. However, H1N1 did not worsen the disease burden of pneumonia.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · Jul 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialFindings from a household randomized controlled trial of hand washing and face masks to reduce influenza transmission in Bangkok, Thailand.
Evidence is needed on the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce influenza transmission. ⋯ Influenza transmission was not reduced by interventions to promote hand washing and face mask use. This may be attributable to transmission that occurred before the intervention, poor facemask compliance, little difference in hand-washing frequency between study groups, and shared sleeping arrangements. A prospective study design and a careful analysis of sociocultural factors could improve future NPI studies.
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Influenza Other Respi Viruses · May 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialA cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers.
We compared the efficacy of medical masks, N95 respirators (fit tested and non fit tested), in health care workers (HCWs). ⋯ Rates of infection in the medical mask group were double that in the N95 group. A benefit of respirators is suggested but would need to be confirmed by a larger trial, as this study may have been underpowered. The finding on fit testing is specific to the type of respirator used in the study and cannot be generalized to other respirators.