Anesthesiology
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Intraabdominally insufflated carbon dioxide (CO2) during laparoscopy may have a specific effect on splanchnic circulation that may be unrelated to the effects of increased intraabdominal pressure alone. Therefore, the influences of insufflation with CO2 versus air on splanchnic circulation were compared. ⋯ In contrast to air insufflation, intraabdominal insufflation of CO2 resulted in a moderate splanchnic hyperemia at an intraabdominal pressure < or = 12 mmHg. At higher intraabdominal pressure values, pressure-induced changes became more important than the type of gas used.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Cerebral blood flow and CO2 reactivity is similar during remifentanil/N2O and fentanyl/N2O anesthesia.
Remifentanil, a rapidly metabolized mu-opioid agonist, may offer advantages for neurosurgical procedures in which prolonged anesthetic effects can delay assessment of the patient. This study compared the effects of remifentanilnitrous oxide on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and carbon dioxide reactivity with those of fentanyl-nitrous oxide anesthesia during craniotomy. ⋯ Remifentanil and fentanyl have similar effects on absolute CBF, and cerebrovascular carbon dioxide reactivity is maintained.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Single-breath vital capacity rapid inhalation induction in children: 8% sevoflurane versus 5% halothane.
The authors compared the speed of induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane with and without nitrous oxide with the speed of halothane and nitrous oxide using a single-breath vital capacity induction. ⋯ Induction of anesthesia with a single breath of 8% sevoflurane with or without 66% nitrous oxide is more rapid than with 5% inspired halothane with 66% nitrous oxide in children. The incidence of movement and dysrhythmias during a single-breath induction with sevoflurane are less than they are with halothane.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intrathecal sufentanil dose response in nulliparous patients.
Intrathecal sufentanil provides effective analgesia during the first stage of labor. A range of doses has been reported to provide adequate pain relief. This study determined the dose of intrathecal sufentanil that produced acceptable pain relief in 50% of nulliparous patients (ED50) who requested labor analgesia. ⋯ This is the first study to determine the ED50 of intrathecal sufentanil in spontaneously laboring nulliparous patients. As dose-response curves are determined for other labor analgesics, future studies can compare equianalgesic doses or dose combinations.