Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Heart rate variability-guided prophylactic treatment of severe hypotension after subarachnoid block for elective cesarean delivery.
Baseline low-to-high frequency ratio (LF/HF) of heart rate variability predicted hypotension after subarachnoid block (SAB). LF/HF-guided treatment of hypotension with vasopressors or colloids was investigated. ⋯ LF/HF may be a tool to guide prophylactic therapy of patients at high risk for hypotension after SAB. Vasopressor therapy tended to be more effective compared with colloid prehydration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by the selective relaxant binding agent sugammadex: a dose-finding and safety study.
Sugammadex (Org 25969) forms a complex with steroidal neuromuscular blocking agents, thereby reversing neuromuscular block. This study investigated the dose-response relation, safety, and pharmacokinetics of sugammadex to reverse rocuronium-induced block. ⋯ At doses of 2.0 mg/kg or greater, sugammadex safely reversed 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in a dose-dependent manner. Sugammadex enhanced renal excretion of rocuronium and was excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
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Previous attempts at improving operating room utilization have generally emphasized more accurate scheduling, starting the first case on time, and reducing turnover time. Surgical case cancellations have largely been ignored except for recommendations for preoperative screening and good physician-patient communication to improve patient compliance. ⋯ Noncompliance with hospital visits for surgical procedures can be predicted from noncompliance with other healthcare encounters. Surgical procedures for previously noncompliant patients should be booked at the end of the operating room day, when the cancellation is least likely to interfere with operating room flow.
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The authors have previously demonstrated that propofol attenuates capacitative calcium entry (CCE) via the protein kinase C signaling pathway in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs). The current goals were to determine whether CCE exists in PVSMCs; to assess the roles of the protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase (TK), and rho-kinase signaling pathways in regulating CCE; and to investigate the extent and cellular mechanisms by which intravenous anesthetics (thiopental, midazolam, ketamine, and propofol) alter CCE. ⋯ Capacitative calcium entry is present in canine PVSMCs. Thiopental, midazolam, and ketamine attenuate CCE primarily via the TK signaling pathway. Propofol attenuates CCE via a TK-independent mechanism.